Does Portia like the Prince of Morocco? Why?

While Portia does not seem to dislike the Prince of
Morocco as she does the foolish Arragon, she certainly did not want to marry him.  Her
comment after he chooses the incorrect casket demonstrates this.  She says in an
aside:

"A
gentle riddance! Draw the curtains, go. / Let all of his complexion choose me so"
(2.7.86-87).

Shakespeare's
use of the word "complexion" could be interrupted in several ways.  Many take it to mean
that Portia is prejudiced and that she does not want to marry someone of a different
race.  However, there is not any other evidence in the play to support this view of her,
and since Shakespeare presents Portia as an admirable character, it is difficult to
argue that he would paint her as a racist (since he often berates prejudice in his
plays).

A second interpretation of the word is that it
refers to Morocco's "type." The audience knows from his speech to Portia at the
beginning of Act 2 that Morocco has a high opinion of his effect upon women.  We also
know from Portia's conversation with Nerissa in Act 1 that Portia has a very specific
list of qualities that she does not like in men, and Morocco has some of those
characteristics (for example, he thinks highly of himself and his culture differs
greatly from hers, something that she criticizes in one of her other suitors because she
is afraid that they will have nothing to talk about).

Thus,
Portia seems to be rather ambiguous about Morocco.  She has already stated her
preference for Bassanio and most likely never thought of Morocco seriously as her future
husband. 

Can someone give me a one-paragraph summary of "The Lovely Bones"?

"The Lovely Bones" is the story of Susie Salmon, a fourteen year old girl who was raped and murdered. Susie narrates her own story from her perspective in heaven. The novel follows the effects of her murder as it moves through her family and her extended community, until at last her killer is captured and her family reaches peace with their untimely loss.

In Animal Farm, what aspect of the Russian Revolution does the Battle of Cowshed represent?

The Battle of Cowshed is representative of the inner fighting within Russia that occurred between the remnants of the Czar Nicholas II, loyal followers known as the Whites, and the Red Army led by Leon Trotsky, who is represented by Snowball.

The Battle of Cowshed is what eventually leads to the power struggle between Joseph Stalin, Napoleon, and Trotsky, Snowball for control of the Communist party, Animal Farm. 

Stalin takes control of the party, putting his friends in top positions in the party, effectively pushing Trotsky out of the party.  Trotsky is exiled, goes to Mexico and is assassinated in 1929 on Stalin's orders.

List several ideas/reasons with relevant evidence/quotes suggesting that Chief Bromden is both sane and insane.

Chief Bromden's apparent paranoia is expressed in the first lines of the novel.  He is obviously frightened.

"I creep along the wall quiet as dust in my canvas shoes, but they got special sensitive equipment detects my fear and they all look up." (Kesey, pg. 9)

A patient in the hospital for many years, everyone thinks that he is deaf and dumb because he does not talk. 

But, at the end of Chapter One, the reader understands that it is Chief Bromden who is the narrator of the story.  He sounds very sane when he says:

"I been silent so long now its's gonna roar out of me like floodwaters and you think the guy telling this is ranting and raving my God; you think this is too horrible to have really happened, this is too awful to be the truth!" (Kesey, p.13) 

The story suggests that Chief Bromden was probably sane when he went into the hospital, his mental illness is never diagnosed.  But he retreats further into silence after many, many electric shock treatments, and being put into isolation without food.  His condition is intensified by the treatment that he receives in the mental ward.

How mentally ill could he have been if McMurphy brings him out of his silence and helps him recover.   

So, Chief Bromden may be sane all along, just withdrawn and feels that no one listens to him, so why talk, a feeling he has had for a long time, since he was a young boy.  

In A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen, what are the major conflicts and themes?

A major theme in the play is the search for identity, especially as it concerns women in nineteenth-century Europe.  This theme underlies the basis of conflict for Nora Helmer, who has always lived as a "doll" in the house of her self-centered husband, Torvald.  Torvald controls Nora's life to the point that he monitors what and how much she eats, refers to her with demeaning pet names such as "my little spendthrift", and pats her on the head like a puppy.

Another important theme is deception.  Nora lies to her husband about silly things such as sneaking a few forbidden macaroons for herself, but she also harbors a significant secret which, if revealed, could lead to severe consequences.  Nora forged a signature to borrow a large sum of money previously, and is struggling to pay it back without Torvald's knowledge, even though the money was ironically borrowed to save his life.

The conflicts which ultimately destroy Nora's and Torvald's marriage stem from pride, unrequited love, and betrayal. Nora lies to her husband and betrays his trust in part because she loves him and wants to please him.  Torvald cannot accept his wife's sacrifice in securing the loan that saved his life because, in desperation, she got the money illegally, and if the fact became known, it would be a blow to his pride.  When Torvald will not defend his wife, it is the final betrayal of her love, and their marriage does not survive.

Describe the impact of McCarthyism on American political life.Also, how did the anticommunist campaigns affect the media?

One of the largest impacts that McCarthy had was in the
very idea that the individual politician can seize on an issue and manipulate it in
order to substantiate their own political power.  McCarthy might have had splendid ideas
on the economy, or on ensuring that education was affordable and open to all, or could
have had excellent ideas about how to increase affordable automobile production.  Yet,
this is not where he made his presence felt.  Rather, the campaign against the
Communists is what he chose to which his name should be linked. He decided that this
would be "his" issue and through the politics of scapegoating and targeting individuals,
his own political power increased and his own sensibilities gained traction.  McCarthy
ended up proving that if properly timed, politicians can seize upon an issue with great
political results that benefit them.  Certainly, McCarthy was able to gin up the voting
public with politicizing their fears about Communists and the supposedly imminent threat
they posed to the democratic order of the United States.  He was also able to utilize
the media in spreading his message and his hearings to all.  Where McCarthy made his
mistake was that within his bluster and talk, he never realized that the media could
also portray him in a negative light.  Edward R. Murrow was able to utilize the media to
expose McCarthy for the self- serving fraud he was and through his reporting, McCarthy
lost effectiveness.  While he did fade, McCarthy ended up proving how politics and
control can be manipulated to self serving ends when public fears are exploited and
politicized.

Is Lady Macbeth diplomatic in her method of spurring on her husband? Act 1 Scene 7

Lady Macbeth is anything but diplomatic in this scene.  She berates her husband for being weak.   Macbeth starts the scene by making the decision to not do anything to King Duncan; he has been wavering about whether or not to act against the king ever since he realized the witches' prophecies might be right.  When Lady Macbeth comes into the scene and he tells her he doesn't want to do anything to the king, she immediately gets angry with him.  She asks him why he told her about the prophecies to begin with if he wasn't going to try to expedite matters.  Then she accuses him of being "...a coward in thine own esteem;" adding that he is hiding behind his wimpy fears.   She goes on to tell him that she has the strength of will to do it, in fact, she says, if she'd sworn to someone to perform an act, she'd follow through with it even if it meant taking her nursing child from her breast and throwing it to the floor.  She attacks her husband in his most vulnerable area - his masculinity and it works.  He gives into her and agrees to kill King Duncan.

What were factors that led to the Korean War?

Some factors leading to the Korean
War:

Kim Il Sung, totalitarian dictator of North Korea
(N.K.), originated the idea of invading South Korea (S.K.) and had some Russian military
advisors who were stationed in Pyongyang, draw up a plan. Kim believed that the U.S.
would not help the Rhee government in S.K. and that even if they did, he could win his
war before they arrived. He was also encouraged by the fact that there were some
communist guerrillas in S.K. who would rally to his aid when he
invaded.

In 1949, Mao of China told N.K. diplomats that he
supported N.K.’s plan for communist expansion but that he could not provide troops to
help before his Chinese communists had a secure hold of all of China. Only after N.K.
had lost its war and pleaded for help, did Mao send troops into Korea. At that, it was
more MacArthur’s strategy than pleading from Pyongyang and Moscow, that brought China
into the war. MacArthur had pushed his United Nations (U.N.) forces right up to the
Chinese border, though China had warned him not to. Chinese Manchuria bordered Korea and
was a vital industrial region of China. China was afraid that either U.N. forces would
invade Manchuria, or Russian forces would invade Manchuria in order to "protect" it from
the U.N. forces. Also, before Japan had annexed Korea, Korea had for a long time been a
loyal tributary state of China, so it would look bad if China did not come to the aid of
its fellow communist state of N.K. to repel the U.N. invaders from its
soil.

Only after a series of pleas from Kim Il Sung, did
Stalin of the U.S.S.R. give a hesitant approval for Kim’s invasion of S.K. Stalin gave
this approval after negotiating a mutual defense treaty with China in which negotiations
did not go as he had hoped. He had asked Mao for several concessions that would have
permitted some U.S.S.R. forces to remain at a few locations in China. Mao wanted China
to be completely independent of the U.S.S.R., so he refused. Stalin decided Mao was not
going to be as easy to get along with as he had hoped. Ever since the end of World War
II, N.K. had been a U.S.S.R. satellite state. Stalin now decided that a reunified Korea
under Russian influence might be a good counter-poise to China. Not only to China, but
also to the strong American presence in Japan. He figured that if Korea was reunited
under U.S.S.R. influence, the U.S. would transfer troops from Europe to Japan and he
thought this would be good for Russia (to get the U.S. troops away from U.S.S.R.’s
satellite states in Europe) and bad for China. Stalin was also optimistic because of
communist guerrillas in S.K. and because the Rhee government in S.K. had become
unpopular. The U.S.S.R. would appear weak in the eyes of the world if it did not aid its
satellite state, N.K.

The U.S. had committed itself to
helping S.K. become a nation-state. The largest number of U.S. civilian and military
advisors anywhere in the world was in S.K. U.S. policy-makers believed that a loss of
its client state of S.K., would mean a loss of U.S. prestige all around the
world.

Jo, Yunghwan. 1991. "The Soviet and Chinese Roles in
Initiating the Korean War, and Its Link to the Origins of the Sino-Soviet Dispute" in
Chullbaum Kim, ed., The Truth about the Korean War: Testimony 40 Years
Later. The Eulyoo Publishing Co., Seoul,
Korea.

Lee, Steven Hugh. 2001. The Korean
War. Longman, 33-34.

In Chapter 3 of "The Great Gatsby," what is the significance of the owl eyed man?

The owl-eyed, bespectacled man whom Nick and Jordan encounter in Gatsby's library gives us one of the first hints that Gatsby is a fraud. Owls, of course, have keen vision in the dark. Like the owl, this seemingly insignificant man, too, will see things others have taken for granted.

The books on the shelf reveal important clues when inspected. The man expresses surprise to the pair that the books on the shelves are indeed real, not fake, as he had expected.

"See!" he cried triumphantly. "It's a bona fide piece of printed matter. It fooled me. This fella's a regular Belasco. It's a triumph. What thoroughness! What realism! Knew when to stop, too-didn't cut the pages. But what do you want? What do you expect?"

There is a lot going on in this comment from a drunkard. For one thing, he refers to Gatsby as a "regular Belasco." Belasco was supposedly a sorcerer in the 13th century, whose exploits were detailed by Dante. The drunk is also pointing out just how far Gatsby goes to recreate realism...far, but not too far. The book's "uncut" pages means that the text has literally not been cut into individual pages, making the books real, but impossible to read.

Like the party atmosphere Gatsby manufactures, close inspection reveals it all to be a unsustainable spell. Nick and Jordan, however, are not ready to be disenchanted.

In "Romeo and Juliet," how does the concept of predetermined destiny relate to the two lovers and the play itself? Romeo and Juliet are referred to...

Being 'star-cross'd' plays out in the rash actions of all the characters.  Emotions control the reactions of the characters, which suggests that "fate" is pulling them along.  Juliet herself comments on this after the balcony scene:  "Although I joy in thee,
I have no joy of this contract tonight,
It is too rash, too unadvis'd, too sudden." 

It is the family hatred that causes Romeo and Juliet to feel that they must keep their love secret.  This leads to elopement and later to Juliet's faked death - she can not marry Paris, but she can not tell her parents why.  The emotional attack by Tybalt causes Mercutio's death, which leads to Tybalt's death, which leads to Romeo's banishment...  With the exception of the letter that just didn't arrive on time, the "fate" of the story is about the emotional behaviors of the characters.

Here is a quote from Juliet about fate (fortune):

O Fortune, Fortune, all men call thee fickle;
If thou art fickle, what dost thou with him
That is renown'd for faith?

Because of the difficulty in the relationship, Juliet feels at the mercy of fate.

The "forebodings" of the characters also reference fate.  Romeo has misgivings before the party:   "I fear, too early, for my mind misgives/Some consequence yet hanging in the stars/Shall bitterly begin his fearful date".   Juliet believes she sees Romeo as "one dead/at the bottom of a grave". 

Do student who get good grades have a social handicap? If so why and what are some examples

It varies greatly from student to student, I have found. 
Where many times the Valedictorian of our graduating class has a 4.0, they are often
some of the most outgoing, involved students we have.  There are others that have to
work very hard for their grades.

A Vietnamese brother and
sister who were recent immigrants and in the 8th and 9th grade, had to work incredibly
hard each day to learn the language, master the subjects and get good grades.  They each
ended up going to MIT on scholarship, but they did have social issues in that there was
never much time to just hang out with friends, go to dances or
date.

For students who only work on academics, and stick to
such a rigid study schedule, yes, it could be a possibility, but I don't see many of
those students, especially now with Facebook and
MySpace.

Some of the social handicaps I've seen include
nervousness about starting conversations, or being exceptionally quiet in class, even
when called on.  Sometimes they have a sense of humor or behavior that is a few grades
below where they are at in school.

What are some elements of realism in The Awakening by Kate Chopin? Especially in Chapters 1-8. Thank you.

The Awakening is a novel of manners;
by that I mean it's a novel more about how things are done and what people are feeling
and thinking and the social construct (rules and behaviors) of the time.  That being
said, there are lots of realistic elements in the entire novel but particularly the
beginning, for it sets the external stage for all the internal conflict which is to
come.  The most realistic element in those chapters is the sensory imagery--the sights
and sounds and smells of the people and places.

The setting
is a beach community, so we have the sights and sounds and feel and taste of beach--sand
and sun and water.  In the heat of the day, people are fanning themselves, trying to
stay cool. We have "a number of bath-houses along the beach, of rough but solid
construction" as well as cottages.

readability="10">

The cottages were all dark. A single faint light
gleamed out from the hallway of the house. There was no sound abroad except the hooting
of an old owl in the top of a water-oak, and the everlasting voice of the sea, that was
not uplifted at that soft hour. It broke like a mournful lullaby upon the
night.

Then we have clothing
which sometimes rustles and the pipe smoke which has its own
scent.

She
wore a cool muslin that morning - white, with a waving vertical line of brown running
through it; also a white linen collar and the big straw hat which she had taken from the
peg outside the door. The hat rested any way on her yellow-brown hair, that waved a
little, was heavy, and clung close to her
head.

We feel somehow as if
we're there when we can experience the story through our senses.  It's these sensory
images which allow readers to feel as if they're participating in the
story. 

In "The Bridge to Terebithia," what does Jess do after the Burkes move away? How does he feel about what he has done?

In Bridge to Terabithia Jess has to find a way to deal with his grief.  After the Burkes move Jess, goes back to the "bridge" and builds a new and safer crossing.  He has had to rescue his little sister and fears for her safety.  He builds a bridge that is safe and he and his sister go into "Terabithia" to celebrate the memory of Leslie. 

Jess feels at peace finally realizing that the real magic is not in the place, but in himself.  He decides to live his life as fully as he can.

Are you suppose to inject sterile water intramuscular or subcutaneous?Me and my fellow classmates administered injections to each other in class...

Sterile water for injection is used to mix medications
that are given intravenously. IM or SQ routes are contraindicated. If a product is
needed for IM or SQ use that product should be NS(normal saline). However, NS is also
used as a diluent for IV medications also.

The pH of
sterile water is between 5.5-7.0, this is probably why it burned assuming you gave each
other SQ or IM shots. The pH of your blood is between 7.35-7.45, so the sterile water is
more acidic.

Nevertheless, the amount that you administered
to each other was hopefully very small, probably less than 1ml. You may have had a
local, self limiting reaction to the sterile water.

Is Dr. Yu Tsun ethically culpable for the murder of Stephen Albert? Why or why not?

As far as ethics is concerned, it is a bit difficult to determine clearly if Dr. Yu Tsun was ethically culpable. Ethics is a branch of philosophy which seeks to address questions about morality. At the same time morality In its first, descriptive usage, means a code of conduct which is held to be authoritative in matters of right and wrong. Morals are created by and defined by  society, religion, philosophy  or individual conscience. In other words, the morals by which the actions of Dr Yu Tsun are to be tested depend on, profoundly on the side of the contender (by this I mean which side of world War I are you on).

In the case of being on the side of the Allies, the death of Stephen Albert is a horrendous crime and thus it is easily concluded that the actions of Dr. Yu Tsun are ethically incorrect. Nevertheless, if we observe the facts from the German perspective, we can think that the idea of using Stephen Albert as a medium to communicate valuable information then, by implying that in war, any action that benefits a combatants cause is justified. Moreover, had Dr. Yu Tsun not been arrested, he would probably been decorated for his actions.

On the other hand, philosophically, as Socrates describes to Crito in prison awaiting execution, harming someone with premeditation is always considered evil and evil acts are non righteous which makes us conclude that philosophically, killing someone under any circumstances is always wrong.

What are the names off all the band members in "Bud, Not Buddy"?If you don't know the answer don't bother answering but please if you do know it...

Bud meets the members of the band in Chapter 13.  The leader is Herman E. Calloway, the man Bud believes is his father.  Then there is Mr. Jimmy Wesley, who plays the horn, Doug "the Thug" Tennant, the drummer, Harrison "Steady Eddie" Patrick, the sax man,Chug "Doo-Doo Bug Cross, who plays the trombone, and the piano player, Roy "Dirty Deed" Breed, the only member of the band who is white.  There is one more band member whom Bud meets later - Miss Thomas, who sings.

In the first chapter of "Of Mice and Men" how does Lennie manipulate George, and how does he accomplish it?

In Chapter one, as the two men are traveling, George discovers that Lennie has been petting a dead mouse in his hand.  He takes the mouse and throws it away.  He scolds Lennie and reminds him why they are running away.  Lennie goes and finds the dead mouse, George discovers it again and throws it away.

This time George explains to the saddened Lennie why the mouse is harmful, it is unclean.  Lennie begins to cry, so George promises to get Lennie a puppy, even though he knows that Lennie's strength always ends up killing the poor animals.

In his childlike way, that is almost heartbreaking,  Lennie suggests to George that he leave him and go off by himself, that George would be better off without him.  George begins to feel bad for the harsh way that he spoke to Lennie. 

He admits to Lennie that he was being mean when he spoke to him about the dead mouse and about all the trouble he causes.  He tells him that he doesn't want him to leave. 

Even though George and Lennie need each other, George knows that his life would be simplier without Lennie.  He also knows that he would be terribly lonely without him.  So like a child that makes a parent feel guilty for scolding him, Lennie manipulates George in the same way.

Are there any components of FDR's New Deal program that are still in effect today in the United States?

Yes, there are still some components of FDR's New Deal Programme that has a significant effect in today's United State culture and way of life, which still exist in today's society.

Firstly, the Social Security Act (SSA), which helps provide financial aid to the handicapped, lame, the elderly, which were paid by the employee and the employer's payroll contributions. It was started in 1935 and still exists.

Next, the National Labour Relations Act (NLRA), set up by the National Labour Relations Board during 1935, its main aim was to supervise labor-management relations, which help the labour movement groups in promoting their cause. It still exists in modern America.

Furthermore, Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC), was set up to insure the crops or livestock of many farmers outside against the threat of production and revenue loss substained. It was restructured in 1966 but still exist.

Moreover, the abandoment of gold standards, meaning that the gold reserves was no longer backing by currency exchange.

Also, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), was set up in 1933 to help modernized poor areas, and its most notable effort is to provide hydroelectric dams to generate electricity in the Tennessee River.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation was set up to insure deposits in banks in order to regain the confidence amongst citizens to the banks

Finally, the Securities Act of 1933, which implemented the standards involving the purchase and sale of stocks, requiring that investments should be properly disclosed to the government, like transparancy, or face serious legal action for covering up the alleged transaction.

Most of the policies involving this measure, was abolished during the second World War, but still some were practised in the modern society, and the hearts of mankind.

What is the relationship between Macbeth and Duncan?

Duncan and Macbeth are cousins.  In Act 1, sc. 7, in Macbeth's soliloquy, he says, "...He's here in double trust:/ First, as I am his kinsman...".  It is this family relationship that, in part, allows for him to become king. During this soliloquy in Act 1, sc. 7, Macbeth says that he has no reason to kill Duncan except for his "driving ambition".  He says that he is kin to Duncan and he is Duncan's subject which are two excellent reasons to not kill him.  Of course, it doesn't take his wife long to convince him otherwise.  Not only would the new king of England, King James I have been flattered by the idea that it was wrong and upset the natural order to kill a king, but he would also liked the idea being presented that it was unnatural to kill a relative.  That it is unnatural to kill a relative is stated in Act 2, sc. 4 by Ross when he says, in reference to Malcolm and Donalbain having fled Scotland presumably because of their guilt, "Gainst nature still!"

In "The Scarlet Letter," did Hester ever love her husband?

In their conversation after Hester is allowed off the scaffold, Chillingworth confronts Hester. She makes the point that she never loved him and never "feigned" or pretended to love him. Chillingworth admits that he knew she didn't love him. What he wanted was a young, pretty wife to go along with his fortune. That is why he says he will take no revenge on Hester, but he will find out who the father of Pearl is and take revenge on him.

Four examples of irony in "The Lottery" and in your paragraph and for each example you must include at last two facts, reasons, incidents.

A major example of irony in "The Lottery" occurs when Bill
Hutchinson chooses the black spotted paper in the first round of picks.  Mr. Graves asks
for the number of people in the Hutchinson family, and Mr. Hutchinson does not include
his daughter Eva in the count.  On the first reading, one would assume that the least
number of people in the count will provide better odds for the family's winning the
prize.  However, Tessie boldly states that Eva and her husband should have to be
included in the count so that they can take their turn.  When Mr. Graves tells Tessie
that Eva draws with her husband's family, Tessie is angry.  When the reader learns at
the end of the story that the "prize" is death, this event is even more ironic--why
would a mother want her daughter to take her turn at possibly being killed?  Such irony
suggests that people may in fact resort to crude measures when they are fighting for
their own survival.

In "By the Waters of Babylon", what is the huge temple with its tunnels and caves?

By the Waters of Babylon is a short story which deals with a post world war civilization.  The characters we meet are probably descendants of the survivors.  The "temples" and the "caves and tunnels" are skyscrapers and subways that have remained over the long years since the destruction of civilization.

In "The Great Gatsby", what is symbolic about the "valley of ashes", and "the eyes of Doctor T. J. Eckleburg"?

Taken together, these symbolize many things. The eyes are like the image of a forgotten god, looking over things. He should be able to monitor what's happening, but instead, he is empty and forgotten, and so things can go astray and end badly. That happens here, and it aligns with Gatsby's ultimate hollowness. The valley evokes a biblical feel, suggesting a place of death and testing that must be passed through. It also symbolizes the great and ugly gap between rich and poor, and between the sources of wealth and its final face…like Gatsby.

In "Twilght" by Stephenie Meyer, who is Edward Cullen and what is his biography in this book?

Edward Cullen, a major charactor in "Twilight", is an immortal vampire that drinks animal blood rather than human blood.  He falls in love with the new girl at school, Isabella Swan.  Edward is very strong just like any other vampire and is fast compared to other vampires. 

We discover in the novel that he dated back to the 1900s.  Him and his mother became ill in a deadly influenza outbreak.  Just before she dies, Edward's mother pleads with the Carlisle, the doctor, to help Edward overcome the sickness.  Feeling he must respect Edward's mother's last wish Carlisle saves Edward by changing him into a vampire.

In "My Brother Sam Is Dead," what is the event which triggers the conflict in the Meeker family?sam fighting with his dad

The conflict in the novel is between the father  Eliphalet Meeker the owner of the Meeker Tavern and the eldest son Sam Meeker.The father is a Tory, a conservative who wishes to avoid trouble for his family by being loyal to the British Government and the King. Sam is a rebel and he has enlisted with the Rebel army. His dream is freedom from British rule and an  independent American nation The father has experienced the harsh realities of war in his younger days and advises Sam against fighting but Sam is headstrong and craves for adventure and glory and does not listen to his father's advice.

On the night of his first return from Yale in April 1775, father and son are engaged in a heated argument over the issue of the war. Sam is determined to fight on the side of the rebels and demands that  his father hand over his gun-"Brown Bess"-to him. His father refuses and serves an ultimatum: either stop supporting the rebels or leave the house. Sam immediately walks out of the house leaving his father in tears.

Which incident serves as the climax of the play, "Macbeth"?Normally I think the climax is where we see the first reversal of fortune for the...

You have several stories going on here--Macbeth's plans, Lady Macbeth's life and plans, Macduff's plans, the witches' plans, the state of Scotland. 

For me, the biggest turning point is when Macbeth willingly decides to seek out the witches again and they give him the apparitions he demands.  We know from a prior scene with Hecate that they will make these apparitions seem to be in Macbeth's favor, but that he will misinterpret them and this will be his final downfall.  His character change is complete at this point and he is traveling at "full speed ahead and damn the torpedos" attitude--regardless of what happens.

It could be argued though, that the climax is when Macbeth sees the ghost of Banquo.  This is the beginning of his guilt and of his physical downfall in the play.

How would you describe the characters in The Devil's Arithmetic: Schmuel, Fayge, Yitzchak also Reb Boruch.

In the book The Devil's Arithmetic
Fayge is a young Jewish woman who is eagerly anticipating her wedding to Scmuel.  She
has on her beautiful dress and is brought to the synagogue by wagon to her fiancé.  As
they climb out of the wagon they are greeted by soldiers.  When they are told that they
can not enter the synagogue and have to get in the trucks she is very distressed.  She
calls out to Schmuel that their canopy is Gods, indicating that they are married in her
and God's eyes even if they had not been allowed.

Fayge
changes during her incarceration at the concentration camp.  She becomes depressed,
thin, distressed, and shuts down.  Eventually, she just gives up hope and everything. 
When Schumel wants to try and escape she won't take the risk.  She eve loses her feeling
for him because she has become numb from all of the emotional pain and physical
changes.

Schumel is a young and devout Jewish man.  He is
dark haired and energetic.  He looks forward to his wedding.  However, he finds himself
on the trucks with the Nazis.  He reacts with anger and disappointment.  Once in the
camp he comes to realize that the only hope that he has is if he tries to escape.  He
does this because he is courageous and makes the decision to leave even though Fayge
won't go with him.

How does Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream fit in with the context of pastoral literature?

Pastoral literature idealizes
life in nature, specifically the life of a shepherd out tending his sheep in the pastor.
Pastoral literature typically speaks of love, death, and various social issues. In the
sense that A Midsummer Night's Dream primarily deals with the topic
of love, we can say that it represents pastoral literature.
We can see the reference to the forest, in both the very beginning and the very end of
the play, as a happy, ideal state in nature, much like a pastor. We can also see
Oberon as symbolizing a
shepherd in the fact that he looks after the four Athenian
lovers and creates for them an ideal state of love. However, Shakespeare also portrays
the forest as a chaotic, even nightmarish place while the
city of Athens is the more rational, peaceful state of existence, and in this sense,
A Midsummer Night's Dream cannot be
referred to as pastoral literature.

In the beginning of the play,
Hermia and Lysander run into the woods to escape the harsh social injustices of the
city. Hermia is being forced by her father to marry Demetrius upon threat of punishment,
either through death or being sent to a convent, in accordance with the ancient law of
Athens, referred to as the "ancient privilege of Athens" (I.i.42). Since Duke Theseus is
upholding this law, and Duke Theseus represents the court, we can see that escaping into
the woods resembles pastoral literature. Escaping into the woods is like escaping into
the country and running away from the harsh laws of the
court.

However, Shakespeare makes a switch. Suddenly peaceful nature
becomes nightmarish when Puck mistakes Lysander for
Demetrius, making Lysander fall in love with Helena and out of love
with Hermia. The nightmare continues when Oberon attempts to fix Puck's mistake by
making Demetrius fall in love with Helena as well, which was Oberon's initial aim. This
state is a nightmare for Hermia because suddenly the love of her life now prefers
another woman over her. It is a nightmare for Helena because, even though two men now
love her when before neither man loved her, she believes they are mocking her and
believes her best friend is in on the plot, as we see in her line, "Lo, she is one of
this confederacy!" (III.ii.195). The fact that nature has become a nightmare rather than
an ideal state shows us that in this manner, the play does
not fit in with pastoral literature.

However, the ideal state is recreated in the woods once Puck and
Oberon finally unite the lovers as they should be. This ideal state continues when
Theseus decrees that both couples should be married. Nevertheless, the couples do not
return to the woods but rather return to the city, showing us that ultimately, contrary
to pastoral literature, Shakespeare is portraying the city as what can be the ultimate,
peaceful, rational state once the unjust laws are overruled.

How would Paul feel if his brother died?

Paul would feel relieved if his brother died; then, he
would feel guilty. All Erik has ever done is torment Paul and his friends. Erik is an
arrogant, sadistic boy whose parents never disciplined him. As the first born and a
talented kicker to boot, Erik has his dad believing that his son could become a college
stand out and possibly a pro. Dad doesn't see Erik beyond those hopes. Mom is more aware
of Erik's shortcomings, but she, too, does nothing about his behavior. Paul is afraid of
Erik, but he doesn't know why. He only knows that his vision suddenly went bad when he
was five. He has flashbacks that involve Erik having something to do with his poor
sight, but until the end of the book, he doesn't know what the connection is.  If Erik
were to die, then Paul would not be bullied again. But, he would feel that his should
mourn the loss of his brother, even if it were just for the sake of
family.

In Act I Scene 4 of Romeo and Juliet, Mercutio describes a character in great detail who never appears in the play. Who is it?

Queen Mab may not appear in the play as a character, but
she is certainly prevalent in the play.

Mercutio states
that lawyers will dream of lawyering, (paraphrase) butchers butchering, etc. "Dreamers
often lie," he says to Romeo, who responds, "In bed as they dream things true." Mercutio
is wrong, however, because Romeo's premonition of some occurence at the Capulet ball
(which will cost him his life) turns out to be
true.

Mercutio's humorous portrayal of Mab, and his
deflection of a serious concern of Romeo into a comedic situation, is synchronous with
his character. Mercutio often doesn't understand the full nature of a situation before
he becomes involved, just like his death scene.

What are the character traits of Romeo?What are the quotes from the book that can support the characters?

1. Romeo is more interested in love than he is in violence and the age-old feud between his family, the Montagues, and the family of his enemy, the Capulets. He states in Act 1.1, lines 185-189, "O me! What fray (fight) was here? - Yet tell me not, for I have heard it all. Here's much to do with hate, but more with love." Romeo goes on to talk about what is on his mind and what interests him most, the love he has for a woman who cannot be his (Rosaline).

2. Romeo is intelligent, clever, and quick witted in conversation. This can be seen in Act 1.4 in the witty banter between him and his good friend, Mercutio. Furthermore, in Act 1.5 during Romeo's first encounter with Juliet, he gives a clever comparison of his lips to pilgrims (palmers) who have traveled to visit a holy shrine, Juliet (lines 103-105).

3. Romeo is brave and unafraid of danger. He risks death to sneak into the Capulet garden to catch a glimpse of Juliet after the Capulet party. (Act 2.2)

4. Romeo is impulsive, loyal, and quick to anger. He is impulsive in his marriage to Juliet only hours after they meet, in killing Tybalt after Mercutio is slain, in attempting to kill himself after killing Tybalt, and in killing Paris before he takes his own life at the end of the play. He is loyal to Mercutio by avenging his death, and he acts out in anger by killing Tybalt without thinking of the consequences.

What is the political statement that emerges from Major's dream in "Animal Farm"?

There are two immediate political statements that emerge from Old Major's dream. The first is a song he teaches the animals called "Beasts of England". It becomes a sort of national anthem fof the revolution. Secondly, Napoleon and Snowball codify Old Major's thoughts into the political philosophy called "animalism". At the core of animalism are the Seven commandments which begin "Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy." Gradually these commandments will change as the leadership of the farm changes.

How does M. Waldman react when he hears the names of Agrippa and Paracelsus?

M. Waldman is the kinder, gentler of Victor's professors.
Where Krempe is described as gruff and condescending, Waldman aims to guide Victor
towards modern chemistry by establishing the ancient authors as the foundation of study.
Victor remarks that Waldman "smiled" at the names of the ancient writers,
but "without the contempt" with which Krempe dismissed Victor's
interests. Waldman tells Victor:

readability="12">

These were men to whose indefatigable zeal
modern philosophers were indebted for most of the foundations of their knowledge. They
had left to us, as an easier task, to give new names and arrange in connected
classifications the facts which they in a great degree had been the instruments of
bringing to light. The labours of men of genius, however erroneously directed, scarcely
ever fail in ultimately turning to the solid advantage of
mankind.

This little speech
may have had a profound effect on Victor.
He often justifies his exploits in
creating his monster by touting the contributions he may make to science and life in
general. So, the idea that "erroneously directed" tasks may still influence the course
of knowledge seems to have impacted Victor's thinking.

In "Sonnet 90," how does Petrarch use the sestet to develop a more complicated view of love? please explain why you feel this way.

In Petrarch's Sonnet 90, the theme, as usual, is
unrequited love, which he inserts in the parentheses:

readability="5">

(Seldom they shine so
now.)

The sestet presents not
as a solution but a meditation.  The speaker meditates on the nature of love after he
has lost his love and after she may have lost her beauty.  Whereas her looks are
temporal and fleeting, his love (or the wound where it used to be) is permanent (lives
on).

I know my first, real heartbreak has never fully
healed.  Has yours?

Whereas the octet presents his love as
mortal beauty, the octet presents her as "divine," godess-like,
"angelic":

She did not walk in any mortal
way,
But with angelic progress; when she
spoke,
Unearthly voices sang in unison.
She seemed
divine among the dreary
folk

And then, the last two
lines:

You say
she is not so today? Well, though the bow's unbent, the wound bleeds
on.

We have rhetorical
question which acknowledges that she may not be as beautiful as she once was.  Even so,
he says he still feels the wounds from Cupid's unbent bow of love.  The heart is still
open and bleeding long after it was first shot.

In "Romeo and Juliet," what are Juliet's parent's names?

Their Christian names are never given; throughout the play the couple are referred to only as "Lord" and "Lady" Capulet. 

Interestingly, a historical source for the Capulet legacy was just brought to attention today by another of our editors.  Apparently, there is a home in Verone dating to the 13th century that is thought to have been the inspiration for Shakespeare's setting of the Capulet house and grounds.  To this day, starry-eyed and star-crossed lovers leave the remenants of their bleeding hearts affixed to the ancient walls.  To view the article as well as pictures of the home and the messages, visit the first link below. 

Critically comment on Collins' proposal to Elizabeth highlighting the humor.

Collins proposes to Elizabeth  on Wednesday  November
27th  at  her own house (Ch.19). Collins is a cousin of Mr.Bennet who will inherit
Mr.Bennet's estate after his death. This is why he is so arrogant and  confident that
Elizabeth will not reject his proposal. Collins takes Elizabeth for granted and
impresses upon her that he is  actually doing her a great favour by marrying her  and
tries to  exploit her financial distress to his advantage. He does not care to find out
leave alone respect  her  feelings with regard to marrying
him.

He is completely unromantic. His  arrogance prevents
him from praising her beauty or her intelligence or flattering her before seeking her
consent. Collins gives three general reasons why he wants to marry without specifying
why he wants to  marry Elizabeth in particular.

When he is
straightaway rejected by Elizabeth, he thinks that she is only acting coy. Collins
assumes wrongly that Elizabeth is only pretending that she does not like him and he
tells Elizabeth,

readability="5">

"however your natural delicacy may lead you to
dissemble"

Its a classic
example of a situation of comical dramatic irony: the completely unromantic lout that
Collins is he thinks that Elizabeth is pretending to be coy and hard to
get!

A little later, after he has formally proposed to her
and has been firmly rejected by Elizabeth he replies to her arrogantly and complacently
in the following words:

readability="11.971223021583">

``I am not now to learn,''
repliedMr.Collins with a formal wave of the hand, ``that it is usual with young ladies
to reject the addresses of the man whom they secretly mean to accept, when he first
applies for their favour; and that sometimes the refusal is repeated a second or even a
third time. I am therefore by no means discouraged by what you have
just said, and shall hope to lead you to the altar ere
long.''

Once again, Collins
assumes that Elizabeth is really attracted to him and wants to get married to him but
that she is only playing hard to get and teasing him in the conventional manner of all
young women.

However, Elizabeth firmly rejects him saying
that she is not the conventional young lady who likes to be proposed to twice and that
her rejection of him is final:

readability="6.9750889679715">

``your hope is rather an
extraordinary one after my declaration. I do assure you that I am not
one of those young ladies (if such young ladies there are) who are so daring as to risk
their happiness on the chance of being asked a second time. I am
perfectly serious in my
refusal.

Even
then Collins doesn't give up and remarks that when he next proposes to her she will
accept him:

readability="6">

``When I do myself the honour of speaking to you
next on this subject I shall hope to receive a more favourable answer than you have now
given me;

To which Elizabet
exasperatedly replies:

readability="6.8939393939394">

Do not
consider
me
now as an elegant female intending to plague you, but as a rational creature
speaking the truth from her
heart.''

Finally
the truth of the matter sinks into the thick headed Collins and he quits the place in
deep embarrassment.

In "Blues Ain't No Mockin Bird," explain what the two men are doing on the Cain family's property.

In "Blues Ain't No Mockin Bird," the two men who are on Granny Cain's property are filmmakers. They also have their cameraman with them. Only one of the two men is given a name by the narrator. She calls him Smilin because he never stops smiling. The other man doesn't do much talking and so the narrator doesn't give him a name. The narrator calls their cameraman Camera. She notes that his shoulder stays raised even when the camera is removed, as it was when Granddaddy requested with a look and a gesture that the camera be given to him.

Smilin and his two companions are working for the county in the South where Granny Cain and Granddaddy Cain live with their family. The county hired the two men and the cameraman to make a documentary film about the Federal and State Food Stamp Program in the county. They have it in their heads that Granny's house looks like a good place to include in their documentary film. Granny thinks otherwise.

Why don't Vladimir and Estragon leave at the end of Waiting for Godot?

They can't leave because they are waiting for Godot. That is the limit of their existence, the reason for their being. The only order that exists in their world is their mission to wait for Godot. If they were to leave and Godot arrived, what then?

Someone has created a funny cartoon based on this play in which guinea pigs play the characters. That is a good image for Vladimir and Estragon. It is as if whoever Godot turns out to be is testing them, trying to see if they will wait and how long they will wait. I've pasted the link to that cartoon below.

In "A Tale of Two Cities," why is Charles arrested again on the day of his release? (Book III, Chapter 7)

The men who come to arrest Darnay refuse to tell him why they are taking him, but when Doctor Manette demands to know, they tell him that Darnay has been denounced to the court at Saint Antoine by the Defarges and one other person. They won't say who that other person is.

In chapter 10, we find out who that third person is, and it comes as a shock. Doctor Manette had been called to treat a woman who had been raped by one of the St. Evremonde brothers. He is unable to help her, and she dies. The St. Evremondes had also killed the woman's brother, who had sought revenge for his sister. When Dr. Manette tried to reveal what had happened, the St. Evremonde brothers arrange for him to be arrested instead. Manette swore a curse on the whole family, wrote his story, and hid it in a hole in the chimney. The Defarges found it, and so Dr. Manette is the third denouncer.

Charles Darnay is the son of the elder St. Evremonde brother. He is being made to pay for a crime committed by his father. 

What are the technique and purpose of the introductory chapters of "Tom Jones"?

Fielding employs a variety of literary techniques to tell the story. He combines epic, picaresque, and epistolary forms. The technique that might be confusing is picaresque. Picaresque means "one thing after another". The only element that seems to be common in the chapters would be the character. The story does not advance, but it is meant to be a satirizing of the society he lives.

Fielding also uses the epistolary form which moves the plot through letters. This is a useful technique when the characters are separated by distance. The plot/story is told through the letters rather than direct conversation.

How did Calpurnia's church differ from the white people's church? To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee

In Harper Lee's To Kill a
Mockingbird, Chapter 12, one salient difference between the church of
Calpurnia and the Maycomb Methodist Episcopal Church South is that the black church
allows the children, Scout and Jem, to remain whereas the white churches are strictly
segregated.  Thus, the spirit of charity abounds in the poor, little church that has few
hymn books and no organ or piano. 

On the other hand, the
ladies of the Methodist Episcopal Church who practice charity abroad by
sending missionaries and charity to Africa, help no one at home who is outside their
perimeters.  Clearly, Chapter 12 points to the religious hypocrisy of the white
community.

That the congregation of Calpurnia's church
are poor and oppressed as well is evident when the hymns, which are sung jubilantly, end
"in a melancholy murmur."  

When the preacher gives his
sermon, the children notice that Reverend Sykes "used his pulpit more freely to express
his views on individual lapses from grace."  The Reverend scolds the more recalcitrant
of his congregation, even to the point of defining their sins.  Scout also notes that,
to their amazement, Reverend Sykes chastises the church
members:

readability="9">

....Reverend Sykes emptied the can onto the table
and raked the coins into his hand.  He straightened up, and said, 'This is not enough,
we must have ten
dollars.'

But, then, he
explains that the money is for the family of Tom Robinson.

Briefly describe some of the functions of the Department of Homeland Security?u.s history paperwork

When most people think of Homeland Security, they think of
the people trying to stop terrorists from getting on airplanes.  Homeland Security does
do that, but they are also involved in a lot of other
functions.

For example, Homeland Security is the parent
agency of FEMA, the emergency management people who were in charge of the response to
Hurricane Katrina.

In addition, Homeland Security is in
charge of the ICE -- the immigration people who are supposed to be in charge of
enforcing immigration law.

Homeland Security is even
responsible for the agents who check agricultural products coming into the
country.

When Kissinger said that Nixon wanted to be accepted by the "Establishment," to whom did he refer?

Kissinger is suggesting that Nixon's perception of being
an "outsider" helped to drive he and his policies in order to find this appreciation. 
Nixon's background was outside of the establishment, being born a farmer's son in rural
California.  He was not born of wealth or privilege and went to local colleges in
California, as opposed to the "established" universities of the nation.  His "outsider"
status was most evident in his presidential election challenges with then- Senator Jack
Kennedy, born of wealthy background and a staple in the Harvard and East Coast
community.  Once Nixon ascended to political power, Kissinger's argument suggests that
Nixon never lost sight of his "outsider" status and sought to be "embraced" by this
established order of academics, wealthy, and those perceived to possess power.  It is a
critique that might make sense, but makes some assumptions.  The first would be that
Nixon's perception of "the establishment" never really changed, though so much of
America did change at the time.  During Nixon's ascendancy and reign of power, America
changed massively through social dissent and through political legislation and action. 
It seems odd that despite all of this change, Nixon's supposed desire to be accepted by
"the establishment" did not waver.  Additionally, Kissinger's direct association with
"the establishment" in his work at Harvard might also be a conflict of interest in
making the claim.  If Kissinger is suggesting that Nixon was victimized by his own
desire to be accepted by "the establishment," then his selection of Kissinger, a member
of the Harvard community, might be seen in a different light, in that Kissinger was not
selected on his merits but rather for his affiliation.  This is to say that while
Kissinger is not wrong in his assertion, it is important to keep in mind that the
complexity of the Nixon Presidency should not be reduced to solely base and conjecture-
driven psychological perceptions.

Please describe General Zaroff.

General Zaroff is a Russian or, more precisely, a
Cossack.  This means that he is from an ethnic group that lived in the Russian Empire
and had a reputation for being very brutal.

We are told
that he is quite tall, and really very handsome.  However, there is something about him
that seems bizarre.  His hair is pure white, which shows that he is getting on in
years.  At the same time, though, his eyebrows and mustache are dark black.  So are his
eyes.

As a person, Zaroff is very sophisticated.  He likes
to do stuff like humming bits of opera and he tries to act very
cultured.

Can someone please give me a brief note of each one of these words, I know waht most of them mean but i need a quick note of each.The words are:...

Circle: It is a closed curve on a plane such that all
points of the curve are the same distance from a point that lies within the curve.  This
point is called the centre.  There are 360 degrees in a
circle.

Center: Center of a circle is the point from which
all points of a circle are at the same
distance.

Congruent:Congruence refers to two or more
geometrical figures that have same size and shapes. All circles with same diameter are
congruent.

Chord: Chord of a circle is a straight line
between two points on the circumference of a
circle.

Diameter: Diameter is a chord that passes through
the center of a circle. It is the longest chord of a circle, and divides the circle in
two equal pars called semicircles. Diameter is also used to represent the length of such
a chord.

Radius: It is the distance from the
centre of a circle to the circumference.  It equals half the length of a diameter.  The
word radius is also used to mean any line that joins the centre to the
circumference.

Secant: It is is a straight line that
intersects a circle at two points.

Tangent: A line that
just touches the circle, or meets the circle at just one point, is called a tangent. The
term tangent is used for any curve and not just
circles.

Tangent circles:This refers to two or more circles
that intersect in a single point. A tangent touching one circle at this point of
intersection is also the tangent for all other intersecting circles.  There are two
types of tangency: internal and external. In internal tangency all circles with common
tangent are contained within one another. In external tangency the intersecting circles
are outside each other. At one common point of intersection it is possible o have only
two such circle.

Common internal tangent: It is tangent
that is common to a number of circles contained within each
other.

Common external tangent: It is tangent
that is a to two circles that are external to each
other.

Concentric circles: Concentric circles are two ore
more circle with a common center.

How did Allied forces prepare for the invasion of France?

In 1942  Allies forces began to plan invasion of France.
Initially they raided the French port of Dieppe on the channel where faced strong German
defences and suffered heavy losses.  IN light of this experience they decided that
landing on open beaches was preferable than landing in a
port.

Throughout 1943 preparations were made by the allies
for such an invasion.  They Allies assembled huge amounts of equipment and great numbers
of troops in southern England.
The Germans also expected an Allied invasion
along the north coast of France in 1944,  but were unsure of the place of invasion. 
They made a chain of fortifications, called the Atlantic Wall, running along the
coast.   Germans brought in artillery, mined the water and the beaches, and strung up
barbed wire.

The Allies decided to land on Normandy beach
and establish control over it. The Germans had not very much expect the Allied landing
here. The landing, called D-Day was initially planned for June 5, 1944,  but was
postponed by a day due to bad weather. The invasion, carried out at night used about
2,700 carrying 176,000. Minesweepers had preceded the ships to clear the water. Also
paratroopers were used to capture bridges and railway lines behind German lines. By day
break the troops stormed ashore along a 100 kilometer
front.

Germans fought back fiercely, but they were taken by
surprise and were unable to stop the allies..  As a result, by the end of the day all
Allied landing beaches were secure.  Allies then create an artificial harbour for
unloading more troops and supplies. By the end of June 1944, about a million Allied
troops had reached through these facilities.

What is the importance and meaning of Simon's conversation with the pig's head/beast in "Gift for the Darkness"?Fromabout two thirds into the...

Simon's trance and conversation with the Lord of the Flies
is the theme of the book - that the evil in the world lies within the heart of mankind,
not from without.  As early as chapter 5, Simon has a basic understanding, not yet fully
realized by him, that the source of evil on the island is not a beast or anything that
isn't human.  As the chapters progress then to chapter 8, "A Gift for the Darkness",
this understanding becomes clearer to Simon.  By the time Simon has this conversation
with the head of the pig, the self-proclaimed "Lord of the Flies", Simon knows
absolutely where the source of evil is.  That is why he isn't afraid to explore and
check out for himself the dead parachutist and that is why he tries to tell the others
what he knows but is killed before he can do so.  The Lord of the Flies told him that
darkness was in the hearts of the others on the island and that should have been a
warning to Simon that the darkness itself would prevent Simon from sharing that
information.  At this point in the story, the evil (darkness) is stronger than the
goodness and the rules of civilization that had kept the evil at bay
previously.

What elements of the gothic and the romantic are evident in "Wuthering Heights"?

Emily Bronte's "Wuthering Heights" is a fine instance of a Victorian  'female gothic' novel which features women entrapped within the confines of their domestic space and victimised by patriarchal bullying. Some important features of the gothic are:

1.The architecture: ancient dilapidated houses, "before passing the threshold...the date 1500." Ch1. These houses are usually haunted by ghosts. In Ch3 Lockwood encounters the ghost of Catherine.

2. Ghosts: In Ch.34 "a little boy with a sheep and two lambs" sees the ghosts of Catherine and Heathcliff.

3. Death and decay: In Ch29 Heathcliff disturbs the grave of Catherine and in Ch34 he is buried alongside Catherine so that their decaying bodies can become one.

4. Madness: Both Catherine and Heathcliff are hysterical and almost insane before their deaths, Chs15 and 33 and 34.

5. Hereditary curses: Heathcliff's adoption is referred to as, "so from the very beginning he bred bad feeling in the house."

6. Tyrants:  First Hindley and then Heathcliff exercise their authority over the household of Wuthering Heights.

7. Persecuted maidens: Both the Catherines and Isabella are treated cruelly.

By way of contrast, the elements of romance are:

1. Love for Nature: The novel is full of the beauty  of moors of Yorkshire.

2. Egoistical: All the characters are egoistical and fiercely independent.

3. Love and its concurrent dilemmas: Catherine in love with two men at the same time.

What names are Carrie known by in "Sister Carrie"?

Carrie's full name is Caroline Meeber. Sister Carrie is a nickname her family gave her.

Carrie lets other people, especially men, make decisions for her. She has an affair with traveling salesman Charles Drouet when she is very young. She leaves Drouet for his friend George Hurstwood. When Hurstwood's wife finds out about the affair, she starts divorce proceedings and threatens to take every penny from him. Carrie and Hurstwood run off together and pose as a married couple under an assumed name. So Carrie becomes Mrs. Wheeler.

Life as Mrs. Wheeler is not what she thought it would be, however, and Carrie decides to look for work in the theater. She joins a chorus line under the name Carrie Madenda.

So you have Caroline Meeber, Sister Carrie, Carrie Wheeler, and Carrie Madenda.

By the way, there's a great movie version of the story starring Jennifer Jones and Laurence Olivier. 

Why is the death of Julius Caesar mentioned in the play "Hamlet"?

(briefly: Hamlet's on the cusp of adulthood. His comfortable life is blown away and tragedies surround him. He desparately tries to understand this new reality. He falls into a deep depression. People seem false. The world seems cold. Death fascinates him. He contemplates suicide.)

Hamlet's a student of the early renaissance. He goes to 'modern' Wittenburg University (Mother disapproves of it) His parents are more medieval, uninfluenced by Greco/Roman civilisation. (Rome in 150AD was far in advance of Denmark in 1600. The idea of a previously glorious civilisation was fascinating, mysterious, scary) 

Julius Ceasar must seem a demi-god to Prince Hamlet; an all-powerful ruler of a vast, cultured, long-vanished empire. Yet, for all his power, Julius was murdered by his best friend, Brutus ('Brutal' comes from him). This betrayal echoes his own father's betrayal; his mother's; his friends'; his girlfriend's and, perhaps most importantly, the world's betrayal of his beliefs.

He compares Ceasar in life, to mud in death. What's the point, if the ruler of the world is killed by his friend and turns to mud?

Imperious Caesar, dead and turn'd to clay,
Might stop a hole to keep the wind away.

O, that that earth, which kept the world in awe
Should patch a wall to expel the winter's flaw!

It's a terrifying vision of death. Nothing Endures. Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!

What does the phrase "knot it" imply in "Trifles"? Is there any difference between quilting and knotting?

In Trifles, John Wright is dead and the circumstances of his death are very suspicious, especially as he "died of a rope round his neck," says his wife without any display of emotion. Mr. Hale had approached the farm house wanting to talk to John about the possibility of installing a telephone line and it is he who notifies the police, as Mrs. Wright sits rocking in her chair, her apparent lack of any real awareness making Mr. Hale feel uncomfortable. 

After Mrs. Wright has been taken to the courthouse, the men who come to the house to investigate the circumstances of the assumed murder are immediately judgmental and comment on Mrs. Wright's obvious lack of "the homemaking instinct." The women jump to her defense and remind the men how difficult it is to be a farmer's wife and also how unfriendly John Wright was.

As the women gather some things to take to Mrs. Wright, they notice the quilt that she has been "piecing" and Mrs. Hale wonders whether her intentions were  "to quilt it or just knot it." The men overhear this conversation and mock the women's concerns because, while they investigate a murder, the women worry over "trifles." The county attorney even repeats the question and the women decide that she was most likely going to knot it. It is also significant that the presumption that Mrs. Wright would have intended to "knot" it is the last line of the play. 

A quilt is a blanket and so symbolizes warmth, something that Mrs. Wright never got from her husband. In this era, quilting would also have been a social activity where women would meet and help each other to quilt whilst exchanging gossip and advice. The act of knotting the quilt is a considerably easier task in blanket-making (although both methods achieve a completed quilt) and it is therefore an important reference in the play because it emphasizes the theme of loneliness and isolation as Mrs. Wright has no social circle and is much a victim as she is a potential killer. 

Does the poem "The Arab's Farewell To His Horse" by Caroline Norton shed more light on the story "Araby" by James Joyce?

I wouldn't say that the poem "sheds light" on Araby, but there is certainly a connection there.  Obviously, lets start with the title.  Arab - Araby.  The importance to this in both poems is to call to mind the culture of the East, of far away places, exotic places.  The boy in the poem has imagined the carnival to be such a place, exotic and alluring.  "The syllables of the word Araby were called to me through the silence in which my soul luxuriated and cast an Eastern enchantment over me."

Secondly, lets examine the mood of each.  There is a wistful nostalgia and disappointment in both the poem and the story.  Both speakers experience a loss.  In the poem, it is the loss of a most beloved horse.  The speaker says "Some other hand, less fond, must now thy corn and bread prepare,/The silky mane I braided once, must be another's care."  The horse is described in such a way that it seems larger than life.  The same is true of the girl in Araby.  The boy idolizes her so much that he puts her on a sort of holy pedastal.  He says, "Her image accompanied me even in places the most hostile to romance."

However, just as the speaker must give up the horse, the boy is forced to give up his illusions of both Araby the carnival and, through that, the illusion of the girl.  As he sees the petty trinkets and flash of Araby, and listens to the gossipy girl at the booth, he burns with "with anguish and anger."

Explain how productivity improvement results in motivation going up.Principles of Management 2

In general increased motivation of people improves their
productivity. However, increased productivity may also increase motivation. This will
primarily result from the encouragement provided by earlier
improvements.

As stated in the post above, increased
productivity will led to increased prosperity of the employee, which may then motivate
to try to earn even more by improving productivity further. However, there are situation
which are quite opposite of this also when the policies followed by the organization are
faulty. These there is no dearth of instances the employees, deliberately produce less
because they fear that fruits of better productivity will be fully apportioned by
employers with nothing left for the employee but the harder
work.

However at times the better productivity itself
becomes a reward in itself. People do take pride in and feel satisfied with their own
achievements irrespective of whether or not they receive external physical reward for
it. There are many people who are motivated by just the recognition, and public
knowledge of increased productivity is a form of public recognition of good performance.
There are still others who may be motivated by need for self actualisation. Such people
are motivated by their own achievements, even when these are not recognized or
appreciated by others.

Hows does Ralph Waldo Emerson's "Self Reliance" relate to ideas of "Huckleberry Finn"?

The basic ideas of Emerson's Self Reliance are 1) One must trust oneself, and 2) The ideal is to exist in the present, as nature does.

These two basic beliefs are quite prolific in Huck Finn.  Huck has always had to fend for himself since his father is a drunk and his mother is not mentioned anywhere in the book.  There is a brief period where Huck is taken in by the widow and her sister, but he "escapes" from their "sivilizing" in order to smoke and be out on the river.  He takes life as it comes, and doesn't stress over too much.  He is absolutely of the "go with the flow" of the river school of thought.  Huck and Jim deal with things as they crop up.  They do have a plan, but as things change throughout the book, they adapt their game plan as needed.  They certainly lived in the present.

Huck also struggles with his conscious where Jim is concerned.  He is upset that he is helping an escaped slave to run, but he also recognizes the friendship that has developed between them.  Huck even decides that if loving Jim and allowing him to escape to freedom means Huck will go to Hell, then he'll just go to Hell.  In a sense, he is trusting himself to make the right decision.

In Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, why did TJ want to get Mrs. Logan into trouble?

TJ is a tricky character.  Although he does not thrive on prejudice himself, he is happy to use it to his advantage.  He is driven by his own need for acceptance and approval.  This leads him to campaign against Mrs. Logan, not because she is ineffective as a teacher or dangerous in any way, but because she failed him twice in her class.  He resents the grade and gets revenge on her to make himself feel better.  What is ironic is that TJ's need for approval and acceptance is what causes him to be alienated.  He has no loyalty, and so others do not trust him.

How is John Proctor's Dynamic Character changed, in the book The Crucible by Arthur Miller.I was wondering about this question, so i could include...

To me, the major change in John Proctor's character is
that he goes from being a very troubled man who is wracked with guilt to being one who
is serene at the end of the play.

At the start of the play,
Proctor feels so guilty because of the fact that he had this affair with Abigail
Williams.  It haunts him and makes him think very poorly of
himself.

By the end of the play, though, he is able to
regain a positive self-image.  He gets to the point where he feels good enough that he
is willing to die to protect his good name.

What is the Initial Incident and the Exposition in "The Case of Amontillado" and how are they different?"The Cask of Amontillado" by Edgar Allan Poe

What makes "The Cask of Amontillado" so intriguing is the
gothic horror that is created by the unreliable narrator who, among many aberrrant
behaviors, never explains to the reader what "the thousand injuries" of Fortunato
are. So, there is no true
"Initial Incident" in the exposition of Poe's narrative.  Therefore, too, the exposition
is incomplete since, by definition, it is "information essential to understanding the
work."

The exposition is also part of the rising action
which the initial incident is not.  This rising action occurs after Montresor flatters
Fortunato and induces the proud connosieur to examine his new cask of Amontillado.  For,
from this action the complication and turning points and denouement
follow.

Explain this quote from "1984", "orthodoxy is unconsciousness."

To understand this phrase try reversing it....

"Thinking is unorthodox." In other words, the dictatorship in 1984 does not want you to think for yourself or question anything. To be a good citizen your mind should be empty. If your mind is empty, you are no risk to the authorities.

To an extent, all governments do this, they do not want you to ask difficult questions like "Why are we killing people in Iraq?", they just want you to say, "Hooray! Hooray! Are soldiers are very brave and always fight for Freedom. Hooray for us!" They don't want you to think unconventional thoughts. Especially that most dangerous word, 'Why'. With levers such as Patriotism and Religion they define what is acceptable and call you unAmerican or unChristian if you step outside those lines. 

They want you to think what they want you to think.

In 1984 this is even more extreme.

In "Lord of the Flies," how do the boys come to be on the island?

The scene at the very beginning of the book is during one of the world wars. As a bunch of British school children were flying on an airplane in order to escape the warefare their plane was shot down. I believe that it tore the plane in half, sending one part into the ocean and one onto the island since if you read the details only part of the plane was there.

In the book Frankenstein By Mary Shelley, Why didnt Safie's father want her to marry Felix?

You would think that Safie's father would have been happy
to have her marry Felix De Lacey.  After all, Felix has been very good to him.  He is
helping Safie's father escape from France after he has been convicted and sentenced.  In
addition, Safie seems to be very much in love with him.  Finally, Felix is a high status
man with lots of money.

But there is a problem.  Safie's
father is a Muslim.  He is very strongly opposed to the idea of his daughter marrying a
Christian instead of a Muslim.

readability="5">

He loathed the idea that his daughter should be
united to a Christian

Because
of this, he decides against letting her marry Felix.

What is the function of the "drummer," the traveling salesman in Part II of "The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky?"

This minor flat character is used for both humour and detachment. His interruption upon the scene also precognizes an upcoming crisis as a sort of Greek chorus, Western style. It's the drum roll which builds suspense before the actual act is played out.

This character also helps maintain the lighthearted tone of the story. As this personna, the reader also observes without being emotionally caught up in an eventual small town shoot-out; he is, as the drummer, just "passing through:"

Crane is a deadpan satirist and mimic, prone to using cliches, stereotypes, and familiarities of plot episodes to spin out his yarns.

This tongue-in-cheek humour, use of "prefabricated" personae and emotional distancing could be considered in part the Crane trademark. The reader is not to take him too seriously, at least in his lighter works, but there is nevertheless a message lurking closely behind.

In the Great Gatsby,what is the color of the inside of Gatsby's car?

Color symbolism is exteremely important in this novel. I
strongly urge anyone to consult the University of Michigan's Online Dictionary of
Symbolism and look up the various colors Fitzgerald uses, namely yellow, green, white,
blue, gold, and silver. Remember that any given color may have multiple suggestive
meanings depending on culture and context. For example, white usually suggests innocence
and purity. White is clearly associated with Daisy, but she is hardly innocent. Instead,
white for Daisy suggests transparency. She is so shallow that we can see right through
her. In the case of the car, the yellow exterior suggests decay and corruption [note the
rims of T.J. Eckleberg's glasses are also yellow]. The green interior suggests money (of
course--it is a Rolls Royce!)as well as hope and innocence. In combining these two
colors, Fitzgerald is suggesting that hope and innocence (associated with the West in
TGG) are often corrupted by greed and loss of hope. The car, then, is sort of objective
correllative for Gatsby himself. Invariably, I get at least one student who questions
how much of these things an author "intends." Fair enough. I usually answer by saying
that writers have choices. He could have made it any color he wanted, but he chose these
for very specific reasons. If the color symbolism conveniently reflects the themes in
the novel--so be it.

Waiting for Godot is also about the emptiness of the modern world that does not know that it is empty. Do you agree with the statement? Discuss.

I can see how this statement applies. Although Beckett
himself famously stated of his work, "no symbols where none intended," it is almost
impossible not to see symbolism in what he has written. Like "Endgame" the play revolves
around two main characters who ate somehow isolated, stuck in a repetitive pattern,
unable to make a move to do anything differently. Vladimir and Estragon are waiting,
ostensibly for "Godot" - but who they are waiting for is not as important as the fact
that they are waiting foe someone (or something) that they have never seen before but
that they anticipate will arrive. They will not act until that moment occurs, so they
are doomed to repeat the same process over and over
again.

Where I see a clear parallel here to the modern
world is that we, as a society, often repeat the same actions without giving any though
to what they mean. We do what we are "supposed" to do according to our society, but as
was a major theme of the modernist period in literature, we do not know for certain why
we do those things. The world has lost its sense of meaning just as it has lost its
humanity. We are obsessed with the idea of "progress" yet we do not know what that
really means. At the same time, we suffer from an inability to act. We wait =until we
are told what to do, we never step outside of the accepted and expected norms. We
stagnate and we lack an internal driving force to break free from that stagnation - in
this sense, the world is empty, disillusioned, and devoid of
purpose.

What symbolism is used in Shakespeare's "Sonnet #4"?

This poem is urging a young man to marry and produce offspring.  The reason the speaker gives to the man is that because the man has been given such a gift of beauty by nature, he owes it to nature to pass it on.

Shakespeare uses the metaphor of a financial gift or inheritance to symbolize the "gift" of beauty that has been given by nature.  This symbol is first established in the second line with the word "legacy."  The speaker asks the man why he only "spends" this "legacy" upon himself - in other words, why doesn't the man share his beauty?  In the next line, Shakespeare refers to the beauty as "Nature's bequest", and in line 6, the beauty is "bounteous largesse."

After using the metaphor to reinforce that the beauty has been a gift for nature, the speaker then turns the symbol upon his speaker, asking what "audit" the speaker can give in return for the gift?  The only answer, of course, is for the speaker to have children and continue the gift he has been given.

What are three symbols used in Shakespeares' "Sonnet 130"?

The symbols Shakespeare uses in this poem serve to enhance the imagery he creates in describing everything his lady is not.  For example, he uses snow as a symbolic standard of a pure, pristine complexion, and his love, whose skin tone is "dun", does not measure up.  In a similar manner, Shakespeare uses the sun, roses, and music as symbolic ideals of the radiant eyes, rosy cheeks, and melodious voice that he would expect to find in a classic beauty, and again, his lady is lacking in these areas.  Shakespeare uses these symbols to create an image of the traditionally accepted measures of comeliness.  In a tone that is playful, tongue-in-cheek, and self-effacing in a way, he makes a comment on the importance of these measures, or perhaps on the foolishness of his own judgement.  Although his love is not a beauty, he loves her still.

In chapter 16, how does Holden feel about actors?

Holden believes actors are phony. He says actors try to be real, but end up just sounding like actors, not like real people. His hatred for actors and the movie first begins when he berates his brother,D.B., to selling out his talent and writing for the movies. Holden says the theater is also phony because instead of showing people the truth, it puts the emphasis on theatricality. He insists he never saw so many phony things as he saw in the theatre. Holden also shows his hatred towards three women he meets at a bar because they are only interested in movies and famous actors. In Chapter 16, when Sunny, the prostitute, tells Holden she spend most of her time at the movies,he calls her the "queen of phonies". The irony is that Holden is going to a play in the afternoon and he is paying to see a lot of those same "phony" actors.

At the end of Wuthering Heights, what was the relationship between Cathy and Hareton and what were their future plans?

Cathy and Hareton have developed a strong, loving relationship, and will undoubtedly soon be married. 

Although Cathy has long scorned Hareton, she finally relents, making overtures of friendship and offering to teach him to read.  Hareton, indignant that she blames their past enmity on him, at first rebuffs her, but he soon softens, and the cousins establish an amiable truce which quickly develops into something deeper.  The two overcome their biggest obstacle  when Hareton forbids Cathy to speak ill of Heathcliff, and Cathy, with a growing maturity based on love, decides it would only be cruel to persist in trying to make Hareton see that Heathcliff has treated him abominably, realizing that "he was attached by ties stronger than reason could break". 

As she watches Hareton and Cathy huddle like innocent, happy children over a book in Chapter 32, Nelly relates that their "intimacy thus commenced grew rapidly...both minds tending to the same point - one loving and desiring to esteem, and the other loving and desiring to be esteemed - they contrived in the end to reach it".  She sees their eventual union as ineveitable, calling it will be "the crown of all my wishes".  In Chapter 33, Heathcliff also recognizes the obvious conclusion, and reflects on the ultimate irony of how his lifelong quest to destroy the Earnshaw and Linton families has ended.

What is the great depression of the 1930's?

The Great Depression began with the crash of the stock market in October of 1929 ending the 1920's era of prosperity.  The depression deepened with the failure of thousands of banks throughout the country.  Many people lost their entire savings.  It was the most severe and longest depression the country or the world had ever seen and it was aggravated by climatic factors including a dust-bowl that ruined the farming economy of the Midwest at the same time.  The depression continued throughout the thirties despite the FDR's attempts to stimulate the economy.  It was not until World War II and the wartime demand for products, that the economy really began to recover.

Do the decadent world and the power of wealth presented in The Great Gatsby hold little relevance to a modern reader?

I would argue that the novel is more relevant to modern
readers now than it might have been 20 years ago.  Right before the current recession,
many Americans were living beyond their means.  While they didn't live in Gatsby-esque
houses, they were certainly buying houses and other material items that they could not
afford to maintain.  If one considers that the Roaring 20s led to the Great Depression
(in part) and that America's obsession with materialism and propensity for taking on
debt led to our current situation, then the modern reader should see many similarities
between Gatsby's time period and ours.

Additionally, wealth
is just as powerful in today's society as it ever was.  In regards to the wealthy buying
their way out of trouble or buying their way into positions of power, examples in
politics and entertainment abound.  Many of the powerfully rich still have an elitist
attitude similar to the Old Money folks in
Gatsby.

While our version of decadence
might differ from Gatsby's and Tom and Daisy's, we still have shows such as
Cribs, The Hills, The Real
Housewives series, etc., that show the rich eating out every meal, paying
exorbitant amounts of money for items of clothing, and furnishing their second or third
homes as if it's nothing.

How does Dana get home because she believes that her life is in danger in the novel Kindred? Give an example.

I'm not sure what you are asking with this question, but I will try to answer it. When Dana's life is in danger, she is sent back to the present time of 1976. When Rufus is in danger, Dana is then sent back to the past. She must protect Rufus since he is the future father of her first woman who is listed in her family records.

The first time Dana is called back by Rufus is when he almost drowns in the river. Dana saves him, but a gun is aimed at her head, so she's transported back to 1976. The next time she goes back, Dana is caught teaching black children to read, and she is beaten for it, which causes her to go back to the present. Another time, Rufus sold a slave he felt was too friendly with Dana, and Rufus punches her in the face when she protests. Dana feels cutting her wrists will be the only way to take her back to the present, and she's correct. The last time Dana is sent back, Rufus tries to rape her, and she stabs him. Rufus won't let go of her arm, however, and when she returns to 1976, her arm is crushed.

In Book IV of "The Iliad," what does Agamemnon say to Diomedes? What feats does he bring up, and why?

Agamemnon rebukes Diomedes' because of Diomedes' shy nature and timidity in the face of battle: "...why are you so shy? So wary of the passages of war?" (lines 447-448, book IV, page 94 Fitzgreald translation). Agamemnon found him standing still with "combat cars and horses all around him" (line 442). He mentions the feats of Diomedes' father Tydeus: "he [Tydeus] would rather fight alone ahead of all his men" (lines 450-451), as a leader who charges forth, not one who lags behind, or waits for battle. Tydeus led a charge on the "ancient walls of Thebes" by carrying a message. He challenged those he encountered there to a wrestling match, and won. He also killed the fifty men who tried to ambush him on his return to his fellow soldiers. These feats showed great courage, wheras Diomedes showed cowardice. The final blow from Agamemnon, and a summation of the point can be found in the line, "Weaker than he [Tydeus] in war, the man he fathered [Diomedes]" (line 482). Agamemnon's entire rebuke can be read from lines 440-483.