Explain the change of Patria in In the Time of the Butterflies.

The Chapter you need to look at to find the moment of change for Patria that transforms her from a good, law abiding citizen who will not support the rebel movement to a woman who is willing to oppose Trujillo's regime comes in Chapter Eight. This clearly is a moment of transition for Patria, as she observes the slaughter and capture of some rebel soldiers by government forces that completely changes her opinion of her role in the resistance. Note how Patria explains her transformation:

He was a boy no older than Noris. Maybe that's why I cried out, "Get down, son! Get down!" His eyes found mine just as the shot him him square in the back. I saw the wonder on his young face as the life drained out of him, and I thought, Oh my God, he's one of mine!

It is this identification that Patria feels with this young soldier with one of her own children that makes Patria leave this experience "a changed woman," carrying the dead boy as if it were her son. This is when Patria feels she can no longer sit back and watch her country being treated in such a terrible way by Trujillo:

I'm not going to sit back and watch my babies die, Lord, even if that's what You in Your great wisdom decide.

From this point on, Patria is a committed member of the rebel movement, joining her other sisters in their opposition to Trujillo.

Discuss OPHELIA'S attitude towards HAMLET?answer in detail

Ophelia was very sheltered from the ways of the world by
both her father and her brother.  Hamlet had been in love with her because of her
purity, innocence, and virtue but when she accepts her father's bidding above his
(which, in the time period this was written was the proper thing to do unless Hamlet was
her husband which he was not), he takes out all his mommy issues on her and calls her a
whore to her face among other things. 

This is of course
devastating to her because she was very much in love with him and couldn't figure out
why he would suddenly turn on her in such a terrible way, but she still defends him and
loves him even during this.  We can see how painful it was for her in this
exchange:

Hamlet: ...I did love you
once.
Ophelia: Indeed, my, lord, you made me believe
so.
Hamlet: You should not have believed me...I loved you
not.
Ophelia: I was the more
deceived.

When Hamlet kills her father, she doesn't seem
able to handle that Hamlet has not been kind to her family (including herself), but too
fragile to stop loving him or join in the plotting, she instead loses her mind and
drowns (whether it was suicide or not is up for interpretation).

Why is Zaroff glad that it is Rainsford who has come to the island in "The Most Dangerous Game"?

Zaroff is glad that it is Rainsford who has come to the island because he knows that Rainsford is a "celebrated hunter".  Zaroff has read Rainsford's famous book "about hunting snow leopards in Tibet", and so is familiar with the author's expertise in the field.  Zaroff recognizes that, with his knowledge and experience, Rainsford would be a formidable opponent in his sinister game.  He looks forward with intense anticipation to test his wits against such a worthy foe.

Zaroff is such an accomplished hunter that he has become bored with the sport.  He has hunted every animal known to man, and has won every time.  In his search for an adversary which would provide him with more of a challenge in the hunt, Zaroff has come up with the macabre idea to hunt the only creature who, because it possesses the benefit of reasoning ability, has the potential to make the hunt more interesting to him - man himself.  Zaroff, who has been capturing anonymous sailors and using them as prey, is becoming bored with even them, however, as he has found that "they have dull brains to begin with, and...do excessively stupid and obvious things" as they try to escape the hunter.  Since Rainsford is world reknowned for his expertise in the sport, Zaroff knows he will provide a definite challenge for him as the hunted, and is looking forward to a stimulating and interesting chase.

In "The Red-Headed League," why does Jabez Wilson come to see Sherlock Holmes?

It is a little difficult to understand exactly why Jabez Wilson comes to Sherlock Holmes and what he hopes the great detective will do for him. Wilson has only the very faintest hope of regaining his post at the Red-Headed League with the extremely welcome four gold sovereigns every week. The author, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, must realize that this is a rather sticky wicket to get through in plotting his story, so he has Holmes himself bring up the same question many readers would ask.

"On the contrary, you are, as I understand, richer by some £30, to say nothing of the minute knowledge which you have gained on every subject which comes under the letter A. You have lost nothing by them.”

“No, sir. But I want to find out about them, and who they are, and what their object was in playing this prank—if it was a prank—upon me. It was a pretty expensive joke for them, for it cost them two and thirty pounds.”

So Jabez Wilson mainly wants to find out why the man named Duncan Ross and whoever his associates are have played a prank on him and made him feel like a fool for spending eight weeks copying the detailed information in the Encyclopedia Britannica. He obviously doesn't like people laughing at him. His blazing red hair has made him hypersensitive because kids probably poked fun at him in school and he has been the butt of stupid jokes for most of his life just because of his red hair. When Holmes and Watson laugh at him earlier, he flares up:

“I cannot see that there is anything very funny,” cried our client, flushing up to the roots of his flaming head. “If you can do nothing better than laugh at me, I can go elsewhere.”

The fact is he cannot go elsewhere because he is trying to get an expert to help him for nothing. Sherlock Holmes is his only hope--and yet he risks alienating him by losing his temper. It is because he was fooled by pranksters who used his red hair for the purpose that Wilson is sufficiently outraged to want to track them down. Everybody has an Achilles heel, and Wilson's unusually brilliant red hair is his. Perhaps he did not intend to ask Sherlock Holmes to go out and investigate the case for him but only to give him some free advice. Holmes hasn't committed himself to doing anything except to listen to Wilson's story until the detective senses that there must be something much more important to the matter. Earlier he tells Watson:

As far as I have heard, it is impossible for me to say whether the present case is an instance of crime or not, but the course of event is certainly among the most singular that I have ever listened to.

It seems likely that Holmes would not have gotten involved in Wilson's case at all if the detective hadn't suspected that it was indeed "an instance of crime."

In the 1930's how did the media differ in the making of To Kill a Mockingbird compared to today's movie-making?To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee

Filmmaking in the 1930s was much less technologically
advanced, of course, that in the 20nd and 21st centuries.  While there were some color
films at the end of the 30s,such as the 1939 The Wizard of Oz and
Gone With the Wind, nearly all were recorded with black and white
film.  In actuality, the technicolor was not the same as that of modern times:  a
special camera ran three strips of film--red,blue, and yellow.  When the three strips of
primary colors were consolidated, the resulting images were in full color, albeit rather
exaggerated, as they are in the above-mentioned
movies.

Because of the lack of technological advances,
movies were similar to the stage dramas from which they burgeoned.  Sets were created,
and actors delivered their lines much as they were delivered in theatres.  The
on-location films that lend realism and authenticity to films did not come about until
movie-making became extremely profitable.  And, method-acting in which the actor
"becomes" the character, assuming dialects, realistic mannerisms, his/her thoughts and
actions. also did not become de rigeur for actors until actors like
Marlon Brando adopted this style of acting taught by Lee Strasberg.  Strasberg's
students include many of the famous actors of the 20th century:  Montgomery Clift, James
Dean, Marilyn Monroe, Paul Newman, Dustin Hoffman, Al Pacino, Alec Baldwin, and Robert
de Niro, to name a few.

One significant difference between
the movies of the 1930s and those of modern times is in the endings.  The uplifting
ending was essential during such dismal times as the Great Depression when people
attended movies to escape their desperate lives.  Audiences desired the promise of a new
tomorrow in the movies, providing them a respite from their hardships for a least an
hour.

Of course, the Oscar-winning film version of
To Kill a Mockingbird starring Gregory Peck was made in
1962.  Using  black and white film to recreate the era of 1930s filmmaking, the movie
was set on location in Harper Lee's hometown of Monroeville,
Alabama.

In act 2, what is similar between Lysander & Hermia, Demetrius &Helena, & Oberon & Titania?

An interesting question. The most basic similarity is that these are all pairs of lovers. Almost as basic is that there is a disruption in what should be their placid and ideal loves. They cannot be together as they should be. Of course, they are all also in the same woods, which is not a minor thing, because it sets them all up to have their problems be resolved through magic.

How does Nick characterize Tom and Daisy at the end of the book? What has each of them “smashed” during the course of the novel? please help! (:

This line says it all:

readability="10">

they were careless people, Tom and Daisy—they
smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast
carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up
the mess they had made. . .
.

Tom and Daisy are the type
of people Nick does not want to become. They are only concerned with money and
appearances. Whenever they destroy something, they buy their way out of it. It does not
matter to them who gets hurt in the process.

What they have
smashed:

Tom is partially responsible for Myrtle's death
and Wilson's suicide; he is directly responsible for Gatsby's murder. Tom leads Myrtle
on and this is the path to her destruction.

Daisy is
responsible for Myrtle's death and, in a way, for Gatsby's as well. Daisy leads Gatsby
in in just the same way Tom does Myrtle.

"My riding is better, by their leave"--Why does the lover in "The Last Ride Together" think so?

Browning is a poet of love . To Browning love is the cardinal force and inspiration of life .In the present poem , it seems that Bwowning  ,through the rejected lover , sings the triumphant victory of love over all other achievements of life .

The rejected lover has failed to get the lady love as his future partner of life .He has been offered only a last ride with her .Wille riding , he compares his lot with that of the statesman ,poet , soldier ,and so on .

The lover paints the intensified feeling and warmth of their riding , and claims that even the kings , and the monarchs cannot dream of that kind of blessing .

The service and sacrifice of a soldier , after his death in the front , find memorial in engraved -stones . Again the dedication of a statesman to his country  after his death , gets tribute d in some famous daily s .

But , the riding , in which they enjoy the bliss of Heaven in earth remains above all worldly achievements .

In "Death of a Salesman", what does Willy misunderstand concerning the sales profession and the business world in general?

Willy references the future "business world" ability/savvy of both of his sons as being far ahead of their current classmates because his sons, as he states, are like "Adonis".

The mythological allusion to Adonis is of a very handsome, but foolish, young man who believes that his beauty and youthfulness will protect him, yet he perishes in a vile animal attack.

The reference by Willy is ironic - he claims that his sons do not need to worry of ample school learning: They are so attractive, thinks Willy, that the boys will automatically succeed. As seen in the allusion, this is not so.

Willy is demonstrating that his inability to make it in the sales/business world is due to his inability to adapt to a changing world. He is superficial, not skilled.

Do you think Granger's comparison of humanity of the phoenix adds to a major theme of the novel? Explain you answer.

I think that you can argue that it does.  I think that one
of the major themes in the novel is the idea that a society like the one Montag is
living in must be destroyed pretty completely before a new one can be
made.

We see this in some of the things that Faber says to
Montag.  He tells him that the goal should be simply to hold on until something happens
and they can start the society again.  Maybe if that happens they will do a better job
the next time.

So we have this idea that the society needs
to burn like the phoenix so it can rise again from the ashes.

Who were the Buffalo Soldiers?

The Buffalo Soldiers were actually negro or African-American soldiers which were members of the 10th Calvary Regiment of the United States Army after the American Civil War. It was the first time that the army have let black people in it. They were used as cooks, laborers and teamsters. They did have identical pay with the whites for their contribution to the war effort. They have short curly hair and dark faces, which make them resemble the buffalo, and they have the spirit similar to that of the animal. The buffalo soldiers served mostly at the western fronteirs and comprised at the beginning full of iliterate and former slaves. They were subjected to racial discrimination and prejudice and occasional spats and violence from the white and pure citizens during their course of duty, but they did not flinch a slight bit, and continue to do the country proud, with their brave, courageous and honorable conduct.

They obtained the Medal of Honor for the effort in the Indian Wars during the 1800s and play equally crucial role in the brutal Apache Wars and the Cuba Missile Crisis, the Philippine Wars and in the Mexican border skirmishes. They have the worst fatalities and casualties during these campaigns. They also play a part in the Spanish-American War and in the course of World War II. They were nicknamed buffalo soldiers out of respect for the fierce fighting ability of the 10th squadron. They change the course of history by their appearance and make the Indians proud for their war effort and their tremendous work-rate and fighting spirit when facing with insurmountable obstacles and dangers posed to them.

What trouble did George and Lennie have in Weed in Of Mice and Men?

It should be noted that George never really saw what happened between Lennie and the girl in Weed, just as he never really saw what happened between Lennie and Curley's wife in the barn. When George is telling Slim about the incident in Weed he says:

"I was jus' a little bit off, and I heard all the yellin', so I comes running, an' by that time Lennie's so scared all he can think to do is jus' hold on."

After that they are both on the run, so George has no occasion to get any account of the incident other than Lennie's. When they finally had a chance to stop running and talk about what happened, Lennie must have told George that he only wanted to feel the fabric of a pretty dress. This is bad enough in itself. A strange man can't just go up and start handling a girll's dress, but Lennie is naive and doesn't grasp this fact, or the implications of committing such an act. It is hard to imagine exactly how Lennie might have done it. Would he try rubbing the fabric or gripping some of it between his fingers? The plain fact--as George realizes only too late--is that Lennie was more attracted to the girl than to her dress. When George is looking down at Curley's wife's dead body in the barn, he says:

"I should of knew. . . . I guess maybe way back in my head I did."

What he should have known was that Lennie must have actually gone up and grabbed the girl. It was a sexual assault--although Lennie may not have realized exactly what he was doing, because he did not understand his own feelings. That would explain why this girl reported that a strange man had tried to rape her and also explain why

"The guys in Weed start a party out to lynch Lennie."

Weed is a small town in the far northwest corner of California. It is several hundred miles north of San Francisco, which is at least a hundred miles north of Salinas. So the fact that George and Lennie have traveled such a long distance before looking for work suggests that the incident in Weed was extremely serious. They could have both been killed by the lynch mob or alternatively thrown in jail for assault or attempted rape.

In Chapter 6, what is ironic about Tom's remark that women run around too much and meet the wrong kind of people?

Tom makes this remark at Gatsby's house one Sunday afternoon during a break in a horse riding jaunt with two of his wealthy friends, a Mr. Sloane and a "pretty woman" who is not named, but who, Nick mentions, "had been there previously," probably at one of Gatsby's parties. Nick went to pay Jay a visit at this time and was surprised to see Tom and his companions arrive a few minutes later.

After a brief introduction and a bit of conversation, Jay informed Tom that he knew Daisy. Tom abruptly dismissed the remark with a, "That so?" without further enquiry.

The lady later enthusiastically invited Jay and Nick for supper, to Mr. Sloane's great perturbation. When Nick declined, she focused on Jay and insisted that he join them. Jay accepted and promised to follow in his car. He excused himself and went inside to get light attire. Tom sneeringly remarked that Gatsby was coming and should realize that the lady did not want him. When Nick corrects him, he then, like a spoiled brat, realizing that he couldn't get his way, makes the remark mentioned in the question. He wonders aloud where Daisy had met Jay and then says:

"By God, I may be old-fashioned in my ideas, but women run  around too much these days to suit me. They meet all kinds of crazy fish.”

It is ironic that Tom should be so judgmental, since he had been involved in all sorts of sordid affairs with just such women since his marriage to Daisy, and was at that point involved in an affair with Myrtle Wilson, a married woman. He is, therefore, ironically and unknowingly, also referring to himself as a "crazy fish." Secondly, his wife is also involved in a similar relationship with Jay Gatsby, a fact that he will soon discover to his shock. His allusion therefore ironically also includes both his wife and Gatsby.

A further irony is established by the fact that Tom is, at this point, sitting on a horse and one could suggest that he should, both literally and figuratively, "Get off his high horse" and not deem himself better than others because he is being a hypocrite. The passage once again emphasises Tom's supercilious nature.

In The Outsiders, how do we know Sandy didn't love Soda as much as he loved her?

Sandy and Soda had been a couple for awhile when she got pregnant and went to Florida to have her baby.  As it turns out, Soda wasn't the father - in explaining what had been happening to their brother, Darry tells Ponyboy, "He told me he loved her, but I guess she didn't love him like he thought she did, because it wasn't him...He wanted to marry her anyway, but she just left".  Soda still loved Sandy even when it was evident that she had cheated on him, but Sandy didn't feel the same way about him.  Soda wanted to marry her, but she just disappeared, and his letters to her were "returned unopened" (Chapter 12).

In "Outpost of Progress," why do Kayerts and Carlier fail at life?

If we examine how both of these central characters are introduced, we see that their failure is a result of the way in which they are singularly unsuited for the environment in which they find themselves. They are despised by Makola, the third man on the staff who is clearly below the other men because of the colour of his skin, and likewise the director clearly shows his contempt for Kayerts and Carlier when he says to his old servant:

"Look at those two imbeciles. They must be mad at home to send me such specimens... They won't know how to begin. I always thought the station on this river useless, and they just fit the station!"

Again and again in the text, emphasis is placed on how they are "insignificant and incapable" individuals set against the might of the solitude that they face. In particular, the reason for their failure is suggested by the author as being the way that society had made them:

Society, not from any tenderness, but because of its strange needs, had taken care of those two men, forbidding them all indepdendent thought, all initiative, all departure from routine; and forbidding it under pain of death. They could only live on condition of being machines.

Thus now, with the terrifying freedom that they are given by being left to run the station by themselves, do not know the first thing to do in terms of managing that freedom and making use of their faculties to accomplish the tasks they had been given. Thus it is that Kayerts and Carlier fail through their inability to act independently and think for themselves.

In the poem, "Mother to Son," where does Hughes use onomatopoeia and assonance?

Langston Hughes' poignant poem, "Mother to Son," tells the
story of a mother giving some hard-life-experience advice to her son. The
onomatopoeia (the formation or use of words--such as
hiss or murmur--that imitate the sounds
associated with the objects or actions they refer to) is not as definitive as most
examples, but the closest wording to fit this literary device would be the colloquial
"I'se been a climin' ", which attempts to imitate the act of the hard and
never-ending climb up the steep stairs of life. The closest example of
assonance (also called vowel rhyme,
in which the same vowel sounds are used with different consonants in the
stressed syllables of the rhyming words) would be the line "Where there ain't been no
light"; the first three words use the hard "eh" sound. The examples of "I'se" and
"climbin'" would also fit the definition of the term. Perhaps a better used literary
device is the personification, where Hughes gives "life"
the attributes given to stairs (tacks, splinters, boards, no
carpet).

What are 3 rising actions in "Charles" by Shirley Jackson?

The rising action in a story are the events which lead up to the climax, or turning point.  In Shirley Jackson's "Charles," the rising action is the daily description of Charles's behavior which gets him into trouble with the teacher, until the turning point, which has Charles change into a model student, teacher's pet. 

-First, Laurie tells his parents that Charles was fresh.

-Then, getting worse, Laurie tells them that Charles hit the teacher.

-Then, worse still, Laurie tells them that Charles hit a girl in the head with the seesaw and she was badly hurt and bleeding.

-Then, Laurie says that Charles was yelling so loud that he was kept after school, only the whole class stayed with him.

-When Laurie tells his parents that Charles had kicked the teacher's friend and would probably be kicked out of school.

-Charles is established in the household as a terror of a child.  Laurie's mother can't wait to go to parent-teacher night to meet the child's mother.

What type of literary devices are used in The Catcher in the Rye and what makes them effective?

One of the most basic literary devices is plot. We all tend to take plot for granted because it is one of the first devices we learn.  Writers pay very close attention to how they organize their stories—they do not simply pour the words out on paper and hope for the best.

J. D. Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye’s plot is built around a special plot device called the flashback. In fact, almost all of the novel consists of one long flashback. We do not find out until the end of the novel that Holden has had a breakdown and is currently in some sort of hospital:

That’s all I’m going to tell about. I could probably tell you what I did after I went home, and how I got sick and all, and what school I’m supposed to go to next fall, after I get out of here, but I don’t feel like it.

Holden doesn’t tell us exactly where “here” is, but in the next paragraph he lets us know that it is some sort of clinic for people having psychological problems:

A lot of people, especially this one psychoanalyst guy they have here, keeps asking me if I’m going to apply myself when I go back to school next September.

So the reader does not find out until the end of the story that Holden has had some sort of breakdown. That requires the reader to re-think everything they’ve just read to take into account Holden’s questionable mental stability.

Salinger also uses extensive repetition in the novel. As we listen to Holden narrate, both in his speech and his thoughts, we hear several key words used over and over again. Possibly the most important such word is “phony.” Holden’s narration tells us that he is very bothered by people who put on a fake appearance, not just physically, but in their attitudes and actions. Considering that we find out later that he is in the process of breaking down psychologically, we can infer, because of the use of repetition, that the idea of “phoniness” is a significant part of the problem he is trying to deal with.

What is an example of foreshadowing, setting, and direct characterization in "Lamb to the Slaughter"?

An example of foreshadowing occurs when Patrick takes his drink:

"...as he spoke, he did an unusual thing.  He lifted his glass and drained it in one swallow although there was still half of it...He got up and went slowly over to fetch himself another...When he came back, she noticed that the new drink was dark amber with the quantity of whiskey in it".

Patrick does not usually act like this.  He is obviously uneasy, most likely trying to work up the courage to do or say something unpleasant.  His actions foreshadow ominous things to come.

The author clearly describes the setting in the very first lines of the story:

"The room was warm and clean, the curtains drawn, the two table lamps alight - hers and the one by the empty chair opposite.  On the sideboard behind her, two tall glasses, soda water, whiskey.  Fresh ice cubes in the Thermos bucket".

In introducing Mary Maloney, the author uses direct characterization, telling the reader plainly what she is like:

"There was a slow smiling air about her, and about everything she did.  The drop of a head as she bent over her sewing was curiously tranquil...She loved to luxuriate in the presence of this man...She loved him".

What are some quotes in the The Outsiders that relate to the topic of gangs/friends as surrogate family?

I can  point you to a few quotes to get you started -

In Chapter 1.  Ponyboy tells us about the members of the Greasers:

"...the four boys Darry and Soda and I have grown up with and consider family.  We're almost as close as brothers, when you grow up in a tight-knot neighborhood like ours you get to know each other real well".

"...organized gangs are rarities - there are just small bunches of friends who stick together",

"If it hadn't been for the gang, Johnny would never have known what love and affection are".

Later in the book, in Chapter 7, Ponyboy says,

"We always just stick our heads into each other's houses and holler 'Hey' and walk in.  Our front door is always unlocked in case one of the boys is hacked off at his parents and needs a place to lay over and cool off.  We never could tell who we'd find stretched out on the sofa in the morning...(we'd) risk a robbery...if it meant keeping one of the boys from blowing up and robbing a gas station or something.  So the door was never locked".

What is a theme statement about pride and 2 example?

The Crucible is a fantastic piece
that deals with guilt, lies, and honor. You use the word pride, but by the end, I think
we see honor.

I would write a statement like
this:

The Crucible clearly
demonstrates the theme of pride through the characters of John and Elizabeth
Proctor.

I say this because in Act 4, Elizabeth doesn't
turn on John and confesses how she led him to an adulterous relationship by keeping a
cold house. John, likewise refuses to confess to witchcraft because he isn't a witch.
Knowing he will die for telling the truth, he keeps telling the truth. These two
examples should fulfill your theme statement.

In "Tuck Everlasting", why does Winnie talk to the toad?

Winnie's words to the toad on page 15 are as follows:  "It'd be better if I could be like you, out in the open and making up my own mind."  Winnie is speaking to the toad in an attempt to express her own feelings.  She feels trapped by her life, her community, and her family.  She wants to be able to make her own decisions and to travel and see the world.

What Winnie learns after this encounter, once she has had time to interact with the Tucks, is that freedom isn't all it is cracked up to be.  The Tucks are actually sad at being as 'free' as they are, and wish there were limits on their life.  Winnie benefits from their experience and chooses a mortal life as a result, although she does convey immortality onto the toad.

In Chapter 24 of Great Expectations, what is the purpose of Pip's education?

We learn much later in the novel that Mr. Pocket is only following Mr. Jaggers' instructions as to Pip's education and that Mr. Jaggers is only following the instructions of Abel Magwitch as communicated to him by letter from Australia. Since Magwitch is obviously totally uneducated, he has no idea what he wants Pip to learn, except that he wants him to be able to look and talk like a gentleman. So it would appear that Pip's main instruction would be in English grammar, which he badly needs. Meanwhile his friend Herbert Pocket is giving him lessons in polite manners. Pip explains what little he knows about the wishes of his anonymous benefactor in the opening paragraph of Chapter 24.

Mr. Pocket and I had a long talk together. He knew more of my intended career than I knew myself, for he referred to his having been told by Mr. Jaggers that I was not designed for any profession, and that I should be well enough educated for my destiny if I could “hold my own” with the average of young men in prosperous circumstances. I acquiesced, of course, knowing nothing to the contrary.

Magwitch expects to be able to give Pip all the money he will ever need. Consequently there will be no need for Pip to know how to do anything of a practical nature. This is what eventually causes Pip such distress. He comes to realize that being a "gentleman" is being a wasteful parasite, and that he has to devote much of his thought to finding ways to kill time. This strange situation, peculiar to ladies and gentlemen of the leisure class in Victorian times, is thoroughly analyzed in an excellent book called The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen. Although this condition doesn't seem to trouble many London gentlemen of the day, Pip is different because he grew up in a working-class family and was actually laboring on a blacksmith's forge when he was plucked out of that world and magically granted his wish of becoming a London "gentleman." In Chapter 39 he shows how he had become sufficiently self-educated through his acquired love of reading to be able to write an autobiographical memoir such as the novel Great Expectations purports to be.

Notwithstanding my inability to settle to anything—which I hope arose out of the restless and incomplete tenure on which I held my means—I had a taste for reading, and read regularly so many hours a day.

When Magwitch encounters Pip in his room in Chapter 39, the ex-convict is delighted that Pip has, somehow, achieved the "purpose" of his "education."

“Look'ee here!” he went on, taking my watch out of my pocket and turning towards him a ring on my finger, while I recoiled from his touch as if he had been a snake, “a gold 'un and a beauty: that's a gentleman's, I hope! A diamond all set round with rubies; that's a gentleman's, I hope! Look at your linen; fine and beautiful! Look at your clothes; better ain't to be got! And your books too,” turning his eyes round the room, “mounting up, on their shelves, by hundreds! And you read 'em; don't you? I see you'd been a reading of 'em when I come in. Ha, ha, ha! You shall read 'em to me, dear boy! And if they're in foreign languages wot I don't understand, I shall be just as proud as if I did.”

Magwitch only wanted a protege who could look and talk like a gentleman. Such gentlemen make an impression on the lower classes, as they did on Magwitch, with their rather artificial manners, fastidious tastes, and complete disdain for "work." The same impression had been true for Pip before he found out what a gentleman really was. Now Pip feels ashamed of himself and ashamed of imposing on poor, simple Abel Magwitch. 

Why has Reverend Parris sent for a doctor as the play begins?

Reverend Parris's daughter, Betty, will not wake up. He sends for the doctor because he wants to find out what's wrong with her; he is hoping she is just ill. He also sends for Reverend Hale because the community is talking of witchcraft, and he wants to disprove it. Ironically, the arrival of Hale begins the witch hunt in earnest.

What is the difference between anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration?

RESPIRATION

Respiration is the process through which living beings inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. 

It is generally a process through which glucose is broken down to make energy using oxygen.

AEROBIC RESPIRATION

Aerobic means "with air" and as respiration needs oxygen, we call it aerobic respiration. 

The chemical equation for respiration is:

Glucose + Oxygen =Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy

The carbon dioxide and water are waste products, removed from the body via the lungs, skin and kidneys.

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION

Respiration "without oxygen" is called anaerobic respiration.

It produces much less energy and does not break down glucose completely. 

Equation;

Glucose = Energy + Lactic Acid

Anaerobic respiration occurs when there is not enough oxygen available but the body still needs energy to move. This might be during vigorous exercise.

Instead of carbon dioxide, lactic acid is produced. 

Lactic acid builds up in muscles and causes them to ache and develop muscle cramps. 

Fast deep breathing as you recover soon supplies the body with enough oxygen to combine with the lactic acid to make carbon dioxide and water. The amount of oxygen needed to remove the lactic acid is called the oxygen debt.

In the end of Act III of "The Crucible", what is the reason Reverend Hale changes his story about witchcraft?

Hale is a dynamic character in this story and learns much about himself and society during his time in Salem.  He comes to Salem with the arrogance of much intelligence, book learning, and some previous success.  He makes an assumption about the behavior of the girls based on this knowledge of witchcraft, and does not hesitate before plowing forth with the "discovery" of the devil at work.  His impetuousness is what causes events to get out of control. 

In Act II, Hale has a long talk with the Proctors and slowly begins to understand that there is more to these townspeople than meets the eye.  He sees that the Proctors are not immoral people, and is shocked when Elizabeth Proctor is taken.  He has spent time with her individually, and can see that she is not possessed of the devil or of evil doing.  The seed of doubt is planted.

However, it is the lack of legal proceedings in the court that really begins to change Hale's minds.  As an educated and fair-minded man,  he pleads with Danforth to take his time and get attorneys so that all the plaintiffs are represented in presenting their case against the list of townspeople.  Danforth's refusal, and the power Abigail is demonstrating in court, convince Hale that this investigation has turned into a war. 

Which real numbers satisfies the inequality (x+3)(x+4)>0?

To satisfy the inequality, both factors of the product
have to have the same sign, that means that, if (x+3) is positive, (x+4)>, too,
and reverse.

Let's solve both
cases.

First, let's consider both factors as being
positive:

x+3>0

x+3-3>-3

x+0>-3

x>-3,
which is the interval (-3,
inf.)

x+4>0

x+4-4>-4

x>-4,
which is the interval (-4, inf.)

The common interval which
satisfies the inequality is (-3, inf.).

The other case is
when both factors are
negative.

x+3<0

x<-3,
which is the interval (-inf,
-3)

and

x+4<0

x<-4,
which is the interval (-inf, -4).

The common interval which
satisfies the inequality is (-inf, -4).

Why does Curley's wife come to visit? Explain why she starts a fight with the two men.

In Of Mice and Men, Curley's wife
visits and starts a fight for a couple of reasons, one obvious and one
psychological.

Obvious reason:
Steinbeck wants her to. She's a character, a minor
character at that.  She doesn't even have a name.  She's the only female character in
the novella.  She's an archetype: a temptress.  Temptresses tempt.  They tempt men.
 What else is she going to do?  Sing and dance?  She's got to visit the bunkhouse, the
barn, the stable.  She's got to start a fight.  These men are animals, and she's just
the thing to get their blood boiling.  Even when she's not there, she's there starting a
fight.

Psychological reason: she's lonely.
She wants attention from Curley, but he's not giving it to her.  So, she
seeks it from the others.  There's two new guys, one big and one small, and she's
curious.  Maybe she wants to make Curley jealous by seeing her talk to the big buy
because she knows Curley hates big guys.  But that might get her beat up, so I don't
think she would want that.  So maybe she wants to see Curley beat up someone
else.

What is the main idea of "Everyday Use," and what are some symbols that reflect that main idea?

The main idea is that you honor your heritage not through hanging representations of it on the wall, but through living with it, and through giving it "Everyday Use," as the title indicates.
The seats in the home represent this, as does the butter churn, but the biggest symbol is the quilt, which Wanjiro wants to hang on the wall but which her mother gives to Maggie to use.

How does Esteban in "The Handsomest Drowned Man in the World" enrich the life of the villagers?

The process of finding the body of Esteban immediately unites the village in a common purpose.  As time passes, though, that unity becomes more significant and long-lasting.  The woman are united in their effort to protect and pay respects to this handsome man with the obliging features.  The men are united first in their attempt to find his identity and then in their attempt to get rid of him.  Finally, all the people are united in their desire to give Esteban a proper funeral.

Not only this, but also having seen a man with such beauty and force laying dead in their midst, the villagers gain a new appreciation for life.  They realize that life is short and that it is beautiful and they set to make the most of it.  They plan to clean up their village, planting and cultivating it - to ''break their backs digging for springs among the stones and planting flowers on the cliffs."

How does Ender change throughout the book, Ender's Game? In what parts of the book is this shown?

Ender begins the story as a naive, trusting six year old,
but not as the typical six year old of today. He is extremely gifted in battle and
strategies beyond his years. As the events unfold, Ender becomes a lonely outcast and
understands that he is being manipulated by the adults and the military. He learns to
cope with the loneliness by withdrawing from people. He learns from situations, both
good and bad, and puts that knowledge to work manipulating others. He becomes cynical
yet masterful. His love of his sister never dies, and the manipulative military uses her
to steer Ender in the direction they feel is best. Ender knows this but continues to
love his sister while steering the military in the direction he wants them to go. Once
the war is over, he withdraws from the world and travels in space doing only what he
wants with his equally burned out sister as his companion.

What did the Big Three decide to do about Germany at the Yalta Conference?

Yalta Conference is the name given to meetings of key
Allied leaders - President Franklin D. Roosevelt of the United States, Prime Minister
Winston Churchill of Great Britain, and Premier Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union -
during World War II.  Yalta, a famous Black Sea resort in Ukraine, on the southern coast
of the Crimean Peninsula, along the Black Sea. The conference took place from February 4
to 11, 1945.

The agreements reached by the three leaders at
the conference included the following:

• To accept
  the structure of a world peacekeeping organization. This ultimately resulted in
  formation of the United Nations


• To  bring order in Europe
  after the war  help the defeated countries establish democratic
  governments.


• To divide Germany into four zones to be
  occupied by Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and
  France.


• To support the Soviet-backed government and hold
  free elections in Poland.


• To extend the Soviet Union's
  territory into Poland.


• To force Germany to reimburse the
  Soviet Union by way of equipment and other resources to make up for Soviet losses.
  

Also Soviet Union agreed to join the war
against Japan in return for control of some territories an strategic
ports.

What is the role played by the White Clowns on television in "Fahrenheit 451"?

Mildred, Montag's wife, watches television all the time on her three giant screens. She watches a show with white clowns who just juggle, they entertain, they don't require any thinking, or interaction like other shows that require the viewer to participate. The participation of Montag's wife in the television shows leads her to think of them as her family.  It is another example how technology has invaded our lives. 

If you think about it in terms of today's television, its like the ultimate reality show.  You just put the set on and it dominates your life.  Imagine if you could put on the Television and it started talking to you, asking you questions. 

According to Bradbury, the following authors need to be preserved: Byron, Machiavelli, Gandhi, Lincoln and Jefferson. Why did he select them?Who...

These are all authors who fought for freedom in some way. What's more, they helped to define it for the modern world. Some defined it literally, like Jefferson. Others did so symbolically, like Lincoln with his sacrifice. Gandhi offers a model for action, and so on.Who else would I add? Ben Franklin. Thomas Paine. Fredrick Douglass.

What is spermatogenesis? Plus diagrams.I need some help on spermatogenesis and oogenesis. I also need some diagrams. Please help.

readability="7">

"Spermatogenesis is the process by which male
spermatogonia develop into mature spermatozoa, also known as a
sperm cell."

The cycle of the
spermatogenesis takes 64 days and can be broken down into two successive
sections:

Spermatocytogenesis:
primitive cells called spermatogonia increase in number by
mitosis.

Spermiogenesis:
spermatids change in form during spermiogenesis.  They change into the
streamline spermatozoa adapted for fertilization.

Oogenesis
is the process by which the ovum is developed. "Oogenesis consists of several
sub-processes: oocytogenesis, ootidogenesis and finally maturation to form an ovum.
Folliculogenesis is a separate sub-process that accompanies and supports all three
oogenetic sub-processes." 

Oocytogenesis:
starts with the process of developing oogonia. This stage is complete
either before or shortly after
birth.

Ootidogenesis: when the
primary oocyte develops into an ootid. This is achieved through the process of meiosis. 
The ootid eventually matures into an ovum.

Describe the main character in "The Sniper."

The titular sniper, who is not given a name, is a young Irishman. We are told little about him directly; most of his characterization comes from the description of his actions, and what he looks like, not necessarily who he is, or was, before the war. This is probably intended to diminish his individuality, with the purpose of making him a representative of virtually any young man in the war. 

The first description we are given of the sniper is that he has the "face of a student, thin and ascetic". While allusions to a student may draw up the idea of youth and innocence, the use of the descriptors "thin and ascetic" (ascetic meaning self-disciplined) implies that a better term might be scholarly or spartan. Meanwhile, his eyes have the "cold gleam of a fanatic". This implies that the sniper is at war without and within; his self-control tempers a fierce personal motivation.

We can surmise that this is not the sniper's first battle; his careful evaluations of the risks of each action imply that he has done this before, and perhaps seen the consequences that befell others less fortunate than himself. This is also suggested by his ability to care for himself after he is shot, and to overcome the pain of his injury by the force of his own will.

For much of the story, the sniper functions as an embodiment of self-control and restraint, but this veneer is cast aside when the tension has abated, and the sniper is suddenly overcome with disgust. He is, after all, only human, and can only stave off his own emotions for so long under this kind of pressure.

Overall the sniper is meant to be someone we can relate to; who behaves as we might wish we could behave under the circumstances, but who also has realistic weaknesses and makes mistakes. This reinforces the purpose of leaving the sniper unnamed; the reader can put themselves in the sniper's place, and see themselves behaving in the same way.

Evidence the play isn't about feminism but the need of every person to find out who he or she is and strive to become that person? Michael Meyer...

Near the end of the play, Nora herself says in response to Torvald's assertion that she is "first and foremost...a wife and mother": "I believe that first and foremost I am an individual, just as much as you are--or at least I'm going to try to be." In her statement she asserts she is a person first, and so far she has not been treated as one; rather, she has been regarded as a "doll" by both her father and her husband. Now she believes she must strike out on her own to see who she is and what she can do.

In a speech Ibsen gave at a banquet of the Norwegian League for Women's Rights in 1898, he said the following:

"I am not even clear as to just what this women's rights movement really is. To me it has seemed a problem in mankind in general. ... My task has been the description of humanity [italics Ibsen's]." He steadfastly denied that he was writing any kind of feminist propaganda.

What comparisons can you make between the short story "The Wall" by Jean-Paul Sartre and the album and movie "Pink Floyd's The Wall"?

Tough question.  I'm guessing one comparison could be how
both of the main characters, Pink and Ibbieta, both had to face a tyrannical,
overpowering force: Pink faced a judge, who blurts out how Pink deserves the "full
penalty of law"; Ibbieta, on the other hand, also faces interrogation from an oppressive
military force who wants him to reveal an acquaintance's whereabouts or face death by a
firing squad.

We know that Sartre was an existentialist,
which is clearly seen in many lines in the short story; similarly, Pink seems to
struggle to find some sort of meaning to his life as well: he seems to simply give up at
times just like Ibbieta does.

I may be stretching here, but
both main characters also seem to harbor quite a bit of hostility: Ibbieta narrates his
thoughts about how he hates the others and finds pleasure in teasing the guards.  Pink
seems quite complacent, but can quickly fly off the deep end or do something extreme
like join a Nazi-like extremist group.

How is Nick affected by West Egg? How has the nature of the place changed him?

Class and social standing are important themes in this
novel and present conflicts to almost every main character. East and West Egg symbolize
two different levels of class and social standing. Tom and Daisy live on East Egg where
the people are well-bred and have class and family money. Nick and Gatsby live on West
Egg where the people are "nouveau riche" - that means, they have money but not breeding.
The green light shining from East Egg represents the envy Gatsby feels towards what he
has always wanted -- the woman that he never gets. The water symbolizes the barrier
between East and West Egg that keeps the characters apart from one another and from
their desires.

Nick
says:

"I lived
at West Egg, the—well, the less fashionable of the two, though this is a most
superficial tag to express the bizarre and not a little sinister contrast between
them."

 In describing his
house, Nick says:

readability="12">

"My own house was an eyesore, but it was a small
eyesore, and it had been overlooked, so I had a view of the water, a partial view of my
neighbor’s lawn, and the consoling proximity of millionaires—all for eighty dollars a
month."

By contrast, he
describes Daisy's home thusly:

readability="8">

"Across the courtesy bay the white palaces of
fashionable East Egg glittered along the water, and the history of the summer really
begins on the evening I drove over there to have dinner with the Tom
Buchanans."

Nick says that
when he came back from his trip back east, he was changed. Where he once thought himself
tolerant, he now found that he wanted things to be more even in the world. He
says:

"When I
came back from the East last autumn I felt that I wanted the world to be in uniform and
at a sort of moral attention forever; I wanted no more riotous excursions with
privileged glimpses into the human
heart."

At the end of the
novel Nick is no longer tolerant of everyone, especially people like Tom and Daisy. They
have destroyed his faith in humanity and turned him into a rather jaded individual. He
says:

"They
were careless people, Tom and Daisy—they smashed up things and creatures and then
retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept
them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had made. . .
."

Read the novel at the
beginning and at the end to see the changes in Nick. This should get you
started.

Is there betrayal or abandonment in the play Death of a Salesman?

It should be remembered that, for Willy, history repeats
itself. Willy was abandoned by his father and older brother when he was
little:

WILLY
(pulling Ben away from her impatiently): Where is Dad? Didn’t you follow him? How did
you get started?

BEN: Well, I don’t know how much you
remember.

WILLY: Well, I was just a baby, of course, only
three or four years old...

BEN: Three years and eleven
months.

WILLY: What a memory,
Ben!

BEN: I have many enterprises, William, and I have
never kept books.

WILLY: I remember I was sitting under the
wagon in — was it Nebraska?

BEN: It was South Dakota, and I
gave you a bunch of wild flowers.

WILLY: I remember you
walking away down some open road.

BEN (laughing): I was
going to find Father in Alaska.

WILLY: Where is
he?

BEN: At that age I had a very faulty view of geography,
William. I discovered after a few days that I was heading due south, so instead of
Alaska, I ended up in
Alaska.

Willy's father made
and sold flutes. He too was a traveling salesman. Thus, that Willy spent so much of his
time on the road is not surprising at all. Compared to his father and brother, however,
Willy was much more of a family man, absent for long periods of time though he may have
been.

His infidelity can not be so easily explained, but
it, too, may stem from his early abandonment. As Willy says to
Ben:

WILLY
(longingly): Can’t you stay a few days? You’re just what I need, Ben, because I — I have
a fine position here, but I — well, Dad left when I was such a baby and I never had a
chance to talk to him and I still feel — kind of temporary about
myself.

What a
sad admission to com from a grown man.

How does Medea exercise her supernatural powers and to abet whom?

Medea uses her magical powers even before the actual action of the play begins.  In the myth of Jason and the Argonauts, we hear that Jason was able to capture the golden fleece from the dragon that protected because he had magical help from Medea.  This magic helped him defeat all of the challenges put before by King Aeetes, Medea's father.  She knows that she has betrayed her father and makes Jason promise to take her with him as his wife once he takes the fleece. 

Next Medea uses her magic to kill Jason's uncle, and then create a potion that restored his own father's health and youth so that could once again rule his kingdom.

After they are banished to Corinth, things remain calm for many years, but once Jason decides to set aside Medea and their children in order to marry the princess of Corinth, Medea's wrath returns.  She promises the use of magic to King Aegues of Athens for him to have children, in exchange for future safe haven.  She uses magical poisons to kill and decimate the body of the princess, and she uses magic to produce a flying chariot that whisks her away from Corinth and the wrath of Jason and the King's men who would have her killed as punishment for her crimes. 

Medea is a vengeful and dangerous women who should not be tested.  She will use whatever skills and knowledge she posseses in order to do what she determines she needs to do. 

In "Lord of the Flies," what further characteristics of Piggy is revealed in Chapter 2?"pack of kids", "specs", "knowledge"

Chapter two reveals a few qualities of Piggy.  The reader can see that he is a "whiner" - when the boys won't listen to him, he quickly begins to whine about their situation.  We also see that he unlike most of them is really taking the situation somewhat seriously.  He informs the group that no one knows where they are, he lectures them on establishing and following rules, and he is critical of their fire building.  He also adamantly insists that the boys respect the authority of the conch shell and the person holding it.

Explain Juliet's use of imagery in the passage "Yon light... Thou need'st not to be gone" in Act III, Scene 5.

At the beginning of this scene, Romeo is with Juliet in
her garden, and it is daybreak.  Romeo is readying to leave, and Juliet is trying vainly
to prevent him from going, asserting that the lark he hears is in fact a nightingale; a
herald of darkness, rather than light.  When she states that “yon light is not
day-light,” but instead “some meteor that the sun exhales,” she is further attempting to
convince Romeo to stay; to convince them both that morning has not come to end their
tryst.  Romeo, somewhat jokingly, replies, “Come, death, and welcome!  Juliet wills it
so./How is’t, my soul?  let’s talk; it is not day.”  To which Juliet replies that he
must leave, having realized how selfish and short-sighted her words
were.

These images serve to emphasize how ardent the two
young lovers are, and how deeply they feel about each other – that by merely saying that
the day is not come, one could convince the other that it is so.  That one would readily
deny what he sees with his own eyes, simply because the other says that it is not the
truth.

In addition, later in this scene Juliet learns of
her arranged marriage with Paris, to take place only a few days later.  So, much as the
day comes, unstoppable, to end her time with Romeo, so does her love seem to be coming
to a permanent end with the news of this union.  And just as Juliet tries to deny the
obvious signs that the sun is rising, she attempts to deny her father and deny Paris –
yet one cannot prevent the sun from rising, and one cannot prevent one’s
fate.

Where and how is irony used in Chekhov's "The Lady With The Pet Dog"?

The irony is in the fact tht Gurov initiates the affair with Anna for purely physical purposes.  He has no respect for women, they exist to satisfy his pleasure.  When he meets Anna, he wants to have a dalliance, an affair simply for pleasure.Once

"Gurov has discovered true love, he finds himself intolerant of the Moscow social life, a life ‘‘clipped and wingless, an absurd mess.’’

"Gurov learns that he cannot tolerate living a lie and that it was wrong to engage in a superficial relationship with Anna. Similarly, Gurov has learned a moral lesson regarding his attitude towards women in general."

"He has always belittled women, regarding them as the ‘‘inferior race,’’ but throughout the story gains a certain respect for Anna, and regards her as a friend."

Why does Odysseus want to hear the sirens' song?

Odysseus wants to hear the Sirens' sweet, seductive song because he's confident that if he follows Circe’s advice—blocking his men’s ears with wax and having them lash him to the ship’s mast—he will be the only man to have experienced the joy of listening to the Sirens and lived to tell about it. So, it's partly out of curiosity, partly out of pride, and partly because he can get away with it.

All other sailors who had sailed past the Sirens' island had become mesmerized by the song, forgetting about their homes and dying of hunger:

. . . whoever comes their way . . .

. . . and listens to the Sirens

singing, has no prospect of coming home. . . .

. . .

They sit in their meadow, but the beach before it is piled with boneheaps

Of men now rotted away, and the skins shrivel upon them.

[Lattimore translation, Book XII, ll. 40-46]

 

 

Describe the narrator in "A & P." Why has Updike chosen this kind of narrator for his story?

The narrator in this story is Sammy, the nineteen year old boy who works at the A & P at the checkout line. 

"Sammy narrates this story in the first person. His voice is colloquial and intimate. His speech is informal, a factor that highlights his individuality and propensity to question authority."

The author uses Sammy as the narrator so that the reader can experience the events in the store through his eyes.  The narrator gives the reader a colorful accounting of what is going on in the store, describing the usual shoppers, women, housewives as sheep. 

The author uses Sammy as the narrator because:

"Young people seem to identify with Sammy and respond to the way he tells his story."

The perception of the narrator is that of a young person looking at the adult world and finding fault with it, making fun of what grownups to and how they do it.  He is critical with a cynical tone in the story.  He is bored with his job, the only amusement he has is to make fun of the customers in his mind. 

He feels like he hit the jackpot when three girls, dressed only in bathing suits, come into the store.  Sammy can't take his eyes off of them, they completely throw him off balance.

Who are the main characters in "Jonathan Livingston Seagull" besides the hero Jonathan?

Jonathan is described in the link referenced below as the only true major character in the book.  The other characters are all considered to be minor characters, and more or less thematic stereotypes.  Old Chiang is wise and mystical, Fletcher Lynd Seagull is young and eager, and Martin William Seagull is a cripple who overcomes his handicap through the power of his mind and learns to fly.

How does Malcolm test Macduff?Macbeth act4

In Act IV, Scene 3, Malcolm tests Macduff by telling him that he, Malcolm, would be a more terrible ruler than Macbeth.  He says:

When I shall tread upon the tyrant's head, 
Or wear it on my sword, yet my poor country 
Shall have more vices than it had before, 
More suffer and more sundry ways than ever, 
By him that shall succeed...

It is myself I mean; in whom I know 
All the particulars of vice so grafted 
That, when they shall be open'd, black Macbeth 
Will seem as pure as snow, and the poor state 
Esteem him as a lamb, being compared 
With my confineless harms.

He says these things (and more) to see Macduff's response. Macduff answers by always defending Malcolm and pointing out that Malcolm's "vices" are only those that "normal" people might have, rather than the true evil that motivates Macbeth's actions.

What conflicts do you think existed between Emily and her father?the community thought of Emily and her father "as a tabeau---a kind of dramatic...

Emily's father was old-school.  He believed that men ruled the roost and the world, women included.  Women were to be seen (and beautifully), but not heard.  They didn't make choices or have anything to do with politics or the way the world was run. They rarely had control over their lives or much in it.  Emily had different ideas.  She was a different generation forced to live with the rules set by the previous one.  She lived at home, with her father, her whole life.  She watched as her father deemed suitor after suitor unfit for her.  She watched as suitors stopped coming, and then she watched her father die.  She clung to him and refused to allow them to move his body because she had never had to live and make decisions on her own...perhaps she was afraid to begin now or afraid she wouldn't be able to and that she would simple cease to exist with his death.  At any rate, the murder of Homer Baron can definitely be read as an act of rebellion against her father. 

What three stages of treatment are used in the Ministry of Love and what does O'Brien say the Party seeks above all else?

In chapter 3 of part 3, O'Brien tells Winston of the three stages of Winston's reintegration: "There is learning, there is understanding, and there is acceptance."  He means that first, the Party will drill their "truths" into a prisoner's head through torture, then by ending the torture (it is here that Winston comes to love O'Brien because he stops the torture), the prisoner will come to understand that Big Brother and the Party will take care of him, and finally, the acceptance is when the prisoner actually and completely believes everything that Big Brother and the Party tells him.  Above all else the Party, according to O'Brien, is more interested in the thought than they are in the deed.  They are after control of thoughts because they know that if they can control people's thoughts, then they can easily control the "overt act".

In chapter 5, what is significant about Nick's embarrassment during the tea, and the fact that he leaves and walks around the house?

Nick realizes, when he sees the way Jay and Daisy look at one another and when he feels the nervous, awkwardness of the meeting between these two for the first time in almost five years, that his presence is not necessary nor is it wanted.  Nick has good intuition about people because he tends, as he tells the reader in the first chapter, to listen to people, rather than judge them.  Nick is also somewhat stricter morally than either Daisy or Jay (or many of the characters in the story) and it is embarrassing to him because he knows that an affair will take place between the Daisy and Jay.  He tells the reader at the end of the novel that one of the reasons he moved back to the midwest was because he was tired of the immorality of the people in the east.  Also, Nick is too polite and too much the gentleman to eavesdrop or interfere in someone else's business. This scene helps to emphasize Nick's moral character.

What is the main problem in the story Peter Pan?What happened to Peter and the children?

The main problem in the story is that the main character, Peter Pan, does not want to grow up.

To grow up means to assume adult responsibility, and Peter Pan desires to be a child forever.  In Never Land, this is possible, and Peter convinces Wendy Darling and her brothers to come to Never Land so that she can be a "mother" to him and the Lost Boys, and read them stories and take care of them.  Although Peter does defend the Lost Boys, his priorities are adventure and having fun, and he refuses to take on a "father" role because of the serious and often mundane responsibilites that would entail.

In contrast to Peter, Wendy has a well-developed sense of responsibility.  When she finally realizes that she cannot stay in Never Land because her parents back home need her, she faces a quandary which she solves by inviting Peter and the Lost Boys to come live with her and the Darlings.  Peter, however, knows that if he does, he will be forced to grow up, so while the Lost Boys remain with Wendy and the Darlings, he returns to Never Land, where he lives forever young, but alone.

Describe Melanie's character in "The Egypt Game".

Melanie, who is eleven years old, is outgoing and friendly.  She interacts frequently with her neighbors in the apartment building in which she lives, and "looks forward to meeting new tenants".   Because of her bubbly nature, "meeting people (has) always been easy for Melanie...most people she liked right away, and they usually seemed to feel the same way about her".

Melanie is also sensitive and thoughtful, and considerate of the feelings of others.  When she first meets April, April is dressed up as a sophisticated lady, with false eyelashes and a furry stole.  April doesn't expect Melanie to like her, but she does "intend to make a very definite impression", and she is a  more than a little "braggy".  Melanie quickly perceives that April behaves the way she does because she is homesick, however, and does her best to make her feel comfortable and accepted.

Melanie loves to read; she has "a whole bookcase full" of books in her bedroom, and she is also imaginative.  She has created a game for herself where she makes up families and then finds "people who look like them in magazines and catalogues".  She then "make(s) up stuff about their personalities and what they do".  Sometimes she writes the escapades of her imaginary characters down as stories, but mostly she just plays out their adventures in her head (Chapter 3).

According to your reading of the "to be or not to be" soliloquy in Hamlet, explain which one you think Hamlet chooses and why?

In Hamlet's speech from Shakespeare's Hamlet
(Act 3.1.56-88), the "to be" Hamlet says refers to existence:  Hamlet
is asking, to exist, or not to exist, that is the
question. 

The play opens with Hamlet suffering
from melancholia, or depression.  Before the opening line of the play, he suffers his
father's unexpected death, his mother's hasty and incestuous marriage, and the loss of
the thrown (to Claudius, who marries the queen).  He is understandably
depressed.

In Act 1 the Ghost appears and tells Hamlet that
his father was murdered, and instructs Hamlet to gain revenge for him, but Hamlet, by
the time he makes his "to be" speech isn't sure if the Ghost is really that of his
father or if it might be a devil trying to deceive him.

Add
to the above the fact that Ophelia and Ros. and Guil. have all turned against him, so to
speak, and Hamlet is wondering whether or not existence is worth while.  That is what
the speech is about.   

During the speech, Hamlet, so to
speak, backs into an answer.  He decides that existence is better than the alternative. 
He decides that since no one knows with certainty what lies on the other side of death,
one is better off existing.  "For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,..." he
proclaims:

readability="17">

But that the dread of something after
death,

The undiscovered country, from whose
bourn

No traveller returns, puzzles the
will,

And makes us rather bear those ills we
have

Than fly to others that we know not
of?

Hamlet chooses existence,
not for any life-affirming reason, but out of fear of what lies on the other side of the
grave.

As he says:

readability="5">

Thus conscience does make cowards of us
all.

Why does Giles feel guilty in Act III of "The Crucible"?

When Reverend Hale appears in town, Giles Corey mentions that his wife has been reading strange books, and he finds it troubling. Reverend Hale assures Giles that he (Hale) will look into it. Reading strange books was frowned upon in Puritan society. Unfortunately, this information gets out and it is this piece of information which causes Martha Corey (Giles' wife) to be accused and eventually convicted of witchcraft. Martha is eventually hanged because of it. Giles then refuses to give more information to the "witch hunters" and is pressed to death because of it.

What is the theme of selfishness in "The Great Gatsby." How is it similar to the world.

Selfishness permeates The Great Gatsby, and indeed its near-omnipresence provides the rationale for the title. Nick Carraway, the narrator, awards the title "great" to Gatsby not because Gatsby is a good or honest person (he is not) or because his romantic quest to win Daisy Buchanan away from her husband is realistic or commendable (it is neither). Gatsby deserves to be called "great" because of all the major characters surveyed by the narrator, he alone manages to break free from an exclusive obsession with himself and his own needs. He pursues Daisy as an ideal beyond himself, the "green light" at the end of the dock that Nick sees him yearning for the first time he encounters Gatsby. He is not selfish and cynically accepting of his selfishness, in the way that Jordan Baker and Daisy Buchanan are, nor is he lost in the almost childlike self-absorption and self-pity that characterizes Tom Buchanan. He will even go so far as to pretend that it was he and not Daisy who was at the wheel of the car that killed Myrtle Wilson (chapter 7). In a society of self-centered cynics, Gatsby alone preserves the "capacity for wonder" that in the narrator's view has been lost from modern American society.

That's exactly what he said about (you, me, yours).In the sentence above, the word "you" in parentheses is the correct answer. Can anyone explain...

In this sentence, "That" is a demonstrative pronoun in the
Subject slot. The apostrophe s is a contracted form of "that is" in
which "is" is the be verb filling the Verb slot in the matrix
sentence. The adverb "exactly" is the adverbial complement to the
be verb (is).

The matrix Object slot
is filled by the wh-clause "what he said...." In the
wh-clause, "he" is the Subject of the subordinate clause embedded
in the matrix clause and "said" is the Verb. The prepositional phrase "about
you/me/yours" fills the wh-clause Object slot as an Indirect
Object.

Starting with "yours": "Yours" is the possessive
form of second person pronoun "you" and as such can be used in a Subject or Object slot.
So if you wished, you could say "...he said about yours," with "about" being the
preposition in a Prepositional Phrase filling the Object slot as an Indirect
Object.

Contrast this to first person "I" and "me" in which
"I" is the Subject form and must be used in the Subject slot, while "me" is the Object
form and must be used in the Object slot. Since "me" is the first person Object form, it
can certainly be used in an Object slot in an Indirect Object: "...he said about me."
Finally, "you" is the same in Subject and Object use, so saying "...he said about you,"
with "you" as part of the Indirect Object in the Object slot is also
correct.

The only reason one might prefer "you" over "me"
or "yours" is that in previous usage, which is no longer popular, it was thought
impolite to talk about yourself, hence the origin of excusing phrases like "if I do say
so myself...." Similarly, it was once considered impolite to talk about someone else's
possession without identifying it as in answer to "my what...?" Otherwise, aside from
these old-fashioned polite rules of usage, as you have seen, there is no reason to
consider "...he said of me" and "...he said of yours" as grammatically
incorrect.

readability="4.5328719723183">

href="http://www.easyenglish.com/lesson.asp?him.txt">SUBJECT      
 OBJECT

I                   me
you              
you
he                him
she              her
it      
          it
we               us
you             
you
they            them

What are Liam O'Flaherty's reasons for writing "Sniper"? Why exactly did he? When he was in the war was he a sniper?how old was he when he joined...

“The Sniper,” a story about the Irish civil war, was Liam O’Flaherty’s first published piece of fiction."  

Liam O'Flaherty was 19 years old when he joined the Irish Guards of the British army.  The author fought in World War I, receiving a medical discharge in 1917, after experiencing shellshock.

In the 1920s, the author became very involved with Irish politics.   He became a soldier once again, this time,  for the Irish Republican Army.  He took part in The Four Courts Incident. 

"In April 1922, Republican forces occupied Dublin’s justice buildings, the Four Courts. They came under siege from the Free State forces. For several days in June, the Free Staters bombarded the Four Courts. They retook the buildings and captured the enemy leader. Before their capture, however, the Republicans blew up the Four Courts."

He wrote  “The Sniper” during the Irish civil war.  He had first hand experience, as a soldier, although there is no mention that he was a sniper.   

The story is a sad commentary about the senselessness of war.  As the sniper shoots an enemy soldier,he discovers that he has killed his brother.  This story is an expression of how Irish society was fractured by the civil war.

Discuss the use of irony in "I'm Nobody."

In this poem, Dickinson speaks with the voice of a child.  As a child in society, especially in her era, you had no rights.  You are a possession of your parents to be trotted out and admired by their visitors, otherwise, you are kept quietly closeted in your room or nursery.

This poem could be considered as ironic if in fact, the child really wants to be admired and looked at by his/her parents and visitors. 

"How dreary to be somebody!
How public, like a frog
To tell your name the livelong day
To an admiring bog"!

Or is the author suggesting that children looking at adults feel that their lives are better and more genuine, because they don't have to mix in society and embrace the phoniness that can accompany certain social events?  Or is she saying that the children are being sarcastic and wishing that they could be noticed? 

In any case, the author seems to be commenting on both the role of children in society and that of the adults that are around them.  She is questioning society's value system. 

Why is there a rhymed couplet at the end of most of the scenes in Macbeth? I know in poems this lets you know that a change of some sort is coming,...

Shakespeare's theater had no curtains to close or lights to dim as most modern theaters do to indicate the end of a scene. His plays in the Globe were performed in daylight on a stage that jutted out into the audience.

He used rhyming couplets to signal the end of a scene, and his audiences were remarkably good listeners to hear the rhyme. The remainder of the play was typically written in blank verse, which is unrhymed; as a result, the rhyme would be more apparent. Even so, we have to admire the Elizabethans for their acute hearing and concentration.

At the end of Act 2, scene 3, Malcolm says to his brother:

But shift away: there's warrant in that theft
Which steals itself, when there's no mercy left.

Scout developes a warm friendship with Miss Maudie. Describe this friendship, comparing Miss Maudie with Atticus.From the book To Kill A Mockingbird

Neighbor Miss Maudie Atkinson serves as a sort of advisor
to Scout in To Kill a Mockingbird. She dispatches words of wisdom
and sometimes explains to the children the reasons behind some of Atticus' decisions.
She is also a friend and confidante to Scout, who knows she can trust
Maudie.

...
Jem and I had considerable faith in Miss Maudie. She had never told on us, had never
played can-and-mouse with us, she was not at all interested in our private lives. She
was our friend.

Miss Maudie
(who is actually not a "Miss" at all, but a widow, just like Atticus) is down-to-earth
and usually says what's on her mind, not unlike Scout's father. She enjoys baking cakes
for the children and allows them the freedom to play in her yard. Miss Maudie and
Atticus are also great friends, and his rare humor comes to life around Maudie more than
anyone else. Atticus, of course, has a different relationship with Scout: He is the
father and he must make the important decisions involving his children. Maudie merely
serves as someone to lean on when she needs an older friend.

Describe the style and thesis in Tim O'Brien's "How to Tell a True War Story."

In Tim O'Brien's "How to Tell a True War Story," O'Brien challenges the nature of truth and argues that the truth is often fictionalized to make it acceptable for both the speaker and the listener.  He uses elements of contradiction to suggest to the reader that events during war are often so outlandish that the speaker needs to alter the facts so that others accept them as truth.  O'Brien also suggests that people alter their own truths so that they can live with the horrors of war.  Throughout the text, O'Brien uses anecdotes to share war stories with the reader, and then in the following lines he says that the stories are not true which puts doubt in the reader's mind.  This story appears in Tim O'Brien's The Things They Carried which is supposed to be O'Brien's memoir of his time spent in the Vietnam War, but just as "How to Tell a True War Story" casts doubt in the mind of the reader, it casts a shadow of doubt over the entire book.  In the end, the reader is left questioning whether the truth of the story or the memory of the experience is the more important factor.

In what ways does Veronica find pride in herself as a strong individual?

I think that it is significant that Veronica is a singer.  Someone who is a singer takes notes and motifs that might not have been envisioned and puts them together in the form of song that provides inspiration and recollection for others.  They create out of what others cannot see or hear, but is clear to them.  Veronica's singing ability is not only what defines her dream but it is also what gives her the confidence to exude a sense of pride in herself as a strong individual.  Veronica is not afraid of the present, not one weighed down by the past.  Even when confronted with the reality of what happened to her mother, she is not scared of venturing out, sojourning into what her grandfather calls "a bad world," in order to pursue her dream.  Veronica finds pride in that the new South Africa is one in which she has a shot at her dream.  She is not content with "scrubbing the White Man's floor" as her grandmother had done.  She is not content with the notion of living on the land, something that she feels "takes our lives."  She sees promise and opportunity, a song of hope that awaits her.  It is in singing this song where pride is evident, the pride that enables her the courage to leave with strength and resilience that is convincing.  When The Author tells her that "The future belongs to you now," it is challenge that is issued to her, one that she eagerly awaits as a strong individual.  It is this passion and sense of pride that will not only enable her to achieve her dreams, but what Fugard believes will help to craft the new South Africa.  In this, there is pride in Veronica as a strong individual, brimming with hope and pride.

List four effective and four ineffective examples of persuasive techniques from Twelve Angry Men.

Effective persuasive techniques:
1 - Juror eight explains his reasons for voting "not guilty" at the beginning of the play.  He effectively persuaded juror nine to vote "not guilty" by explaining that he had some doubts that needed to be discussed.
2 - Juror eight explains his doubt about the testimony of the old man about being able to hear the boy yell "I'm going to kill you" while the el train was going past the window.  He does this by discussing the amount of time it takes for an el train to pass the window and how loud it is.
3 - Juror eight explains his doubt about the old man's testimony about going to his front door and seeing the boy running down the stairs.  He does this by acting out how long it would actually take for the old man to get to his front door (referencing his use of canes and the diagram of the apartment).
4 - Juror eight establishes that it is possible that the boy told the truth about the switch knife, by purchasing and bringing in an exact replica of the knife in question.

Ineffective persuasive techniques:
1 - Juror three tries to persuade the other jurors to stay with him by talking about his own son.
2 - Juror ten tries to persuade the other jurors to vote guilty because of his racist views.
3 - Juror seven tries to persuade the other jurors to vote guilty because he has better places to be.
4 - Juror three tries to persuade the other jurors to vote guilty by threatening to hang the jury.

Enumerate the activities taking place at Araby. To what extent do they sustain its “magical name”?

The bazaar itself in Joyce's "Araby," doesn't fulfill its
magical name.  The image of the bazaar that Mangan's sister and the narrator have is an
illusion.  That's the point of the bazaar in the story.

By
the time the boy arrives, it's half-closed, the conversation by the workers that he
overhears is silly and coarse and trivial, and the objects for sale are not worth
buying. 

The boy realizes the bazaar is just a low-rent
place to buy worthless trinkets sponsored by the church for the purpose of making money
for the church.  It is the destruction of this illusion, that leads the boy to his
realization, or epiphany, that destroys his other illusions:  that Mangan's sister is
somehow akin to the Virgin Mary, that he is a holy warrior, and that they have some kind
of special relationship. 

He realizes how foolish and silly
he's been.  The blindness, figuratively, is lifted from his eyes. 
 

What happened at the end the story? What happened to John? Are the narrator and Charlotte Perkins Gilman the same?

During the story, the woman becomes more and more obsessed with the wallpaper, and as time goes by she gets convinced that there actually is a woman in there. The narrator forces herself to rip off the wallpaper, and she says that the woman inside helps her. At the end, she is so occupied with the wallpaper, that she thinks that she herself came out of it. Just like the women she sees outside the windows, she starts creeping around in the room, along the wall. What happens at the end is that John enters the room, and sees his wife creeping on the floor. I guess he gets really frightened by the sight, and therefore he faints.

Charlotte Perkins Gilman, the writer of The Yellow Wallpaper, also suffered from a mental illness. I don’t think the narrator and Charlotte Perkins Gilman are the same, though. Maybe she based the character on herself in some parts of the story. Two of the similarities are that neither the narrator nor the writer were allowed to write during their illnesses, and their recommended treatments were about the same, but I don’t think that the writer had the same experience as the narrator, I think it’s all made up.

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Brutus and Antony in Julius Caesar? The answer must have phrases quoted from the text.

Mark Antony's strengths include being a strong orator.  He is able to convince the crowd to turn against the conspirators and create a civil war with his "Friends, Romans, Countrymen" speech.  He is a loyal friend to Julius Caesar and avenges Caesar's death.  After telling Cassius and Brutus that he would gladly join them if they could explain why Caesar had to be killed, once Antony is alone with Caesar's body, he asks for forgiveness with, "Oh pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth/That I am meek and gentle with these butchers!"  He does, however, prove to be more ambitious than Cassius believed Caesar to be.  Once the civil unrest began, Antony got together with Octavius and Lepidus to create a triumverate.  Once things got going his way, though, he planned on getting rid of Lepidus.  Antony was even ready to sacrifice "his sister's son"  for his political gains.

Brutus' strength is that he is a loyal Roman above all else: before friendship, before family, before self.  He joins the conspiracy because he is convinced by Cassius that Caesar is overly ambitious.  In his oration after the assassination, he shows that he did care for Caesar with his words: "Because Caesar loved me, I weep for him....but as he was ambitious, I slew him".  His major fault is that he is a bad judge of character. He believes that Antony is harmless, but soon learns differently.

Faber says, "Remember, the firemen are rarely necessary. The public itself stopped reading of its own accord." What does he mean?

Faber means that the job of the firemen, to destroy books when they are found, is becoming less and less necessary because not many people read books anymore.  The society in the story has become so busy in other, less educational pursuits, that even if there were books around, they probably wouldn't read.  Therefore, there aren't many books that need to be destroyed as fewer and fewer people bother to read.  This was one of the strong messages Bradbury was trying to send with the story; that if people become obsessed with self-indulgent activities, become concerned with political correctness to the point of blandness, become more concerned with entertainment than with enlightenment, then books will naturally become obsolete. He was warning the reader to avoid allowing this to happen.

Who or what is the main factor that caused Romeo and Juliet to die? eg. the hatred between the two families or a person's actions or intentions?

The answer to your question can be found in the Prologue.

"Chor. Two households, both alike in dignity,

In fair Verona, where we lay our scene,

From ancient grudge break to new mutiny,

Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean.

From forth the fatal loins of these two foes

A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life;

Whose misadventure piteous overthrows

Do with their death bury their parents' strife.

The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love,

And the continuance of their parents' rage,

Which, but their children's end, nought could

remove,

Is now the two hours' traffick of our stage;

The which if you with patient ears attend,

What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to

mend."

The Prologue tells us that Romeo and Juliet will fall in love and then die.  Their destiny is fated, or dictated by the long standing feud between their two households.  Technically, the feud is responsible for the structure that results in their deaths, but their individual actions also contribute to their deaths.

But consider, if the feud, which I believe is the main factor, did not exist, then Romeo and Juliet would not have had to hide their love or their marriage.

Write a character sketch of Madame and Mister Loisel.

Madame Loisel feels that she was born for luxury.  She is a beautiful woman and believes that she should be living an aristocratic life, draped in fine clothes, jewels and furs.  She imagines herself to be living a life opposite of what her true destiny is, a life of meagerness.

It is because of Madame Loisel's deeply held belief that life has cheated her out of her due, that results in her reaction to the invitation to the fancy party.  The party, Madame Loisel feels is where she should be, therefore, she must look the part.  Madame Loisel is a Cinderella in reverse.  She gets to go to the ball, and instead of losing a glass slipper, she loses her friend's necklace.

Her life is then turned into an existence of hardship and hard labor. She ends up in rags.

Monsieur Loisel is a hard-working man who loves his wife, but does not understand her.  He wants to please her, and makes sacrifices to give her the luxury, if only temporarily, that she so craves.  He is a simple man who is satisfied with his social standing in life.  He has no aspirations to be among the aristocrats like his wife.  He is content with his simple life.

Both these characters share some reponsibility for the hard work they endure to buy a new necklace.  Individually, and together, they do not trust the rich, Madame Loisel, out of envy and jealousy, and Monsieur out of a sense of fear.  He is afraid of the power of the rich 

Differences between financial/managerial accounting. Give example of the type of problems and issues exmined by each of these areas of...

Accounting refers to the function of recording and
analysing the operations and conditions of an organization in primarily monetary terms.
The information generated by accounts is used by different sets of people in many
different ways. Depending on the primary purpose served by the accounting function, it
is classified in different sub functions. Financial accounting and managerial accounting
are two such sub-function within accounting.

Financial
accounting is concerned with information on a firm that is required and used by people
not involved in management of the company. It includes people such as shareholders and
other investors, regulatory and other government authorities, financial institutions,
suppliers, customers, and community in general. They use this information to know the
state of the company including things like its profitability and financial worth. The
information may also be used to ascertain and ensure that company a is being managed by
appointed managers honestly, conforming to all legal requirements and good ethical
standards. Financial accounting generally produces information according to methods and
formats specified by statutory authorities. Also such information is usually audited and
certified by independent professional auditors. The most common example of the financial
reports is the annual reports published by companies which contain among others, the
audited and certified annual accounts of the company along with an auditor's report and
a director's report.

Managerial accounting is concerned
with generating information and analysis designed to help manager of an organization to
manage ti efficiently and effectively. While managerial accounting also uses the basic
accounting statement used for financial accounting. these statements are generally more
detailed and more frequents. Also managers use additional information and analysis such
as comparisons with budgets and targets, standard costing, variance analusis and ration
analysis. Managers use this information to monitor, control and plan the activities of
the functions they manage.

In "The Guest," are the characters of (Daru, the Arab, Balducci) flat, round, dynamic, or static?

I'll define these terms for you and then let you decide which category each of the characters you've named fits into.

A round character is usually the main character or one of the main characters in a story. These characters are fully developed in all aspects: physical, mental, emotional. So they seem to be real people who look, think, and behave the way a real person might (even if the situation might seem unreal, as in science fiction or fantasy). An example of a round character is Huck Finn. You can imagine any teenage boy rafting down the Mississippi.

A flat character is not very developed at all. These are the stereotypes: the villain, the shyster, the knight in shining armor. The author may describe physical appearance in detail but typically doesn't spend much time letting the reader get into the character's head. They are predicable in thought and action. For example, most characters in fairy tales are flat.

A dynamic character experiences some sort of change over the course of the story. That change might be a new understanding or a change of heart or a change in values or commitment. That doesn't include change in physical appearance or circumstance. An example of a dynamic character would be Ebenezer Scrooge, who changes from a miser into a generous person.

A static character remains the same from beginning to end and undergoes no change.

Now that you have these definitions and examples, what kind of characters do you think Daru and the Arab are?

How does Iago's treachery finally work itself out in Act 5 of Othello?

Iago's treachery plays out throughout Othello. We see it working to disrupt relationships, poison attitudes, etc. This comes to a peak in Act V. That's when he tries to kill Cassio, and when he does kill Roderigo. He smears Bianca almost as an afterthought.Acting on Iago's manipulations, Othello kills Desdemona. There's a huge upheaval, and the truth comes out about Iago's lies. Othello tries to kill Iago, but fails. Iago stabs his own wife (cold!), and Othello kills himself in despair over what he's done.

In short, everyone is either dead, has a ruined reputation, or both.  

What “imaginary” case does Jaggers “put before” Pip in Chapter 51 of "Great Expectations"?

Mr. Jaggers asks Pip to imagine that a woman who is being tried for murder has a child she has concealed from the world.  She is obliged in her situation to tell her lawyer about the child, and the lawyer, coincidentally, knows a rich old lady who is searching for a child to raise as her own.  The lawyer, pragmatic to the point of jadedness by his experiences, can see no better future for the child than that she be given up and put in the care of the old lady with means.  The woman being tried follows the advice of her lawyer concerning the child, which turns out to be a fortuitous decision.  The woman's mind is unhinged by her hardships and when she is acquitted she puts herself under the care of her lawyer; meanwhile, the child grows up and marries, never knowing that her real parents are alive.

The "imaginary" case that Jaggers "puts before" Pip is the true story of Magwitch, Molly, and Estella.  Jaggers presents the case as hypothetical so that he will not have to admit to his part in the situation, even though he and Pip know very well about whom he is talking.  Jaggers puts the case before Pip to emphasize his belief that no one would benefit from the secret being revealed now, and that things are better left alone (Chapter 51).