To whom does the following line refer: "While the great queen that rose out of the spray..."?

In this poem, the lines that you are citing refer to the
Greek and Roman goddess Venus (that was her Roman name) or Aphrodite.  She is said to
have been born out of the spray of the sea.  Because she did not have a father, she
could pick her own husband.  However, she ended up picking Vulcan (Roman name) to be her
husband.

So, in the poem, the father is asking for all
these blessings for his daughter.  One of them is that he wants her to be beautiful, but
not so beautiful that she makes mistakes like that of Venus.