What is the difference between anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration?

RESPIRATION

Respiration is the process through which living beings inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. 

It is generally a process through which glucose is broken down to make energy using oxygen.

AEROBIC RESPIRATION

Aerobic means "with air" and as respiration needs oxygen, we call it aerobic respiration. 

The chemical equation for respiration is:

Glucose + Oxygen =Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy

The carbon dioxide and water are waste products, removed from the body via the lungs, skin and kidneys.

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION

Respiration "without oxygen" is called anaerobic respiration.

It produces much less energy and does not break down glucose completely. 

Equation;

Glucose = Energy + Lactic Acid

Anaerobic respiration occurs when there is not enough oxygen available but the body still needs energy to move. This might be during vigorous exercise.

Instead of carbon dioxide, lactic acid is produced. 

Lactic acid builds up in muscles and causes them to ache and develop muscle cramps. 

Fast deep breathing as you recover soon supplies the body with enough oxygen to combine with the lactic acid to make carbon dioxide and water. The amount of oxygen needed to remove the lactic acid is called the oxygen debt.