An electrical circuit can be series, parallel (the basic
configurations) or a combination of series/parallel devices. When finding the current
through a circuit one first need to derive its equivalent resistance. For a series
circuit the equivalent resistance is
`R_(eq) =
R_1+R_2+...+R_n`
while for a parallel circuit the
equivalent resistance is
`1/R_(eq) =1/R_1 +1/R_2
+....+1/R_n`
For a complex series-parallel circuit the
equivalent resistance is found by grouping together the resistances first in series and
parallel combinations then finding the total resistance of these groups.
The total current in circuit is given by the Ohm
law:
`I_("tot") =U_("tot")/R_(eq)`
For a series circuit the current is the same in all the
components while the different voltage drops on the components add together to give the
total supply voltage.
For a parallel circuit the voltage is
the same in all components (and equal to the supply voltage) while the different
currents through components add together to give the total
current.
For a complex series-parallel circuit the voltages
and currents split accordingly the above rules on to different existent series and
parallel resistor groups.
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