There exists different processes, chemical or electrical, that help to decompose the water in its components, hydrogen and oxygen. Hence, these processes are able to break down the bonds in water molecule.
The electrical process is called water electrolysis and it is based on a electrical current that splits the water molecule in ions of hydroxide `(OH)^-` and hydrogen protons `H^+` .
The main problem in electrolysis is the production of CO_2 gas. The electrolysis does not produce itself `CO_2` , but the methods of producing the needed electrical current may release `CO_2` .
High temperature steam electrolysis is a method of producing hydrogen from water, using solar energy, hence, without releasing amounts of `CO_2` .
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