John Donne's poetry has two major
phases:
Early Donne: poetry is
about physical love and the physical union of the male and
female
Late Donne: poetry is
about sin and guilt and the spiritual union between man and
God
He uses metaphysical
("above," "beyond" the physical; spiritual; erotic; supernatural)
conceits: elaborate and extended metaphors about the
following subjects: alchemy, horticulture, astronomy, navigation, neo-Platonism,
military, microcosm/macrocosm, law, and
mathematics.
- "The Flea" uses the conceit of
blood exchange to represent physical union (sex). The poem is a grand pick-up line:
he's trying to convince her to go to bed. The conceit compares physical death to a kind
of orgasm. - "Forbidding Mourning" uses the conceit of a
compass (geometrical instrument). The female is the fixed point and the male is the
traveling pencil. He is away while she is at home, but if she waits for him, he will
come "full circle" to form a symbol of love: the
ring.
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