One of the newest processes used of establishing identity
of persons is DNA Fingerprinting. This process uses analysis of genetic material
contained in some substances such as blood, hair, or semen to identify the person from
whom these substances have come.
DNA is the genetic
material, called deoxyribonucleic acid present in most cells of living organisms. The
DNA structure varies greatly from person to person, and it is highly unlikely that DNA
structure of two person will be exactly alike. However the variation in DNA structures
is not random. Rather thee is close resemblance in DNA structure of a person with his
parents, children and siblings. Utilizing these characteristics of DNA, the technique of
DNA fingerprinting analyses and classifies the structure of DNA extracted from evidence.
This pattern can then be compared with similar pattern of known person to identify the
original source of the evidence.
This techniques is used
for various purposes such as identifying criminals or victims of crimes. This techniques
is also used to establish parentage of of people.
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